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TABLE OF CONTENT Korean Views on Life and Death Burial and Mourning for the Dead in Korea Unique Burial Customs in Korea Views on Memorial Diamond in Korea This article introduces the Korean view of life and death, unique burial customs in Korea, and how Korean people think about the memorial diamond. At first glance, traditional Korean funerals might be very different from those in other countries. Korean funerals are rooted in Chinese Confucianism, which shows how one should live. Will this traditional Korean funeral practice have any impact on alternative ones such as memorial diamonds? Korean Views on Life and Death Confucian principles define a person's status within a family or community. Confucianism has no explicit belief in an afterlife. Confucianism is centered on ancestor worship and filial piety. Some people are Buddhists or Protestants, and more than 50 percent do not identify with a religion in Korea. Many people believe that their deceased relatives depart from this world to the next. People believe that it is their duty to help the deceased make a smooth transition to the afterlife in case their loved one becomes a wandering ghost called a “객귀(客鬼)” in Korea. Burial and Mourning for the Dead in Korea Choosing whether to be buried or cremated is a typical choice that people face before they die. There is also the consideration of whether the remains should be placed in a burial mound or in an urn or even under a tree. Burial(土葬) was the most common custom among Koreans. The coffin is filled with soil, and the grave is not deep and remains visible to remind the family of their loss. The coffin is made of wood and other natural materials to decompose quickly. However, in recent years, cremation has been increasing in Korea due to the problem of less space for burial. According to new research released by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, South Korea’s cremation rate will reach almost 92% by 2023. The growing demand for cremation in Korea is due to the lack of space above ground. Furthermore, under South Korean law, it’s required that anyone who buries a deceased person after the year 2000 must remove the grave 60 years after the burial. Along with this fact, unique burial customs have also emerged in Korea. Unique Burial Customs in Korea Burial Beads These beads are not generally worn, but they are very beautiful. The beads come in a variety of colors, including shiny blue-green, pink, and black, but the most common color is soft blue-green. These beads are not usually worn but are usually displayed in a clear glass container or dish. This is a way for Koreans to keep the deceased close to them and cherish their memory while obeying the law. Home, House of Memory and Eternity A lab-grown diamond In this method of memorial service, the remains and ashes of the deceased are kept in a library-like facility. In this unique method of mourning, the ashes and personal belongings of the deceased are placed in a box inside a leather hardcover-shaped book. It signifies that a deceased person’s life is like a book. Each person is offered two books, with one for their remains and one for their personal effects. These include photos, glasses, pens, cell phones, rings, or letters that a person left behind when they died. Letters written to the deceased from loved ones can also be included. Family members safeguard the keys and can come open the book whenever they wish. Memorial Diamond A memorial diamond is a lab-grown diamond made from carbon extracted from the remains, ashes, or hair of the deceased. The brilliance of a memorial diamond is reminiscent of the brilliance of the deceased before their death, and keeping and wearing the remains diamond close to you will make you feel as if you are always near your loved one. You can also create elegant and well-designed rings, pendants, earrings, and other jewelry with memorial diamonds. Views on Memorial Diamond in Korea In recent years, a variety of burial customs have emerged. In addition to the well-known burial, ossuary, and natural burial, there are more and more burial customs that are special and beautiful for the deceased, such as the nitrogen-cooling method that rapidly cools the body and the space burial that launches the body into space. In particular, memorial diamonds are attracting attention as new burial customs. The technology for manufacturing synthetic diamonds has been in practical use since the mid-1950s when the American company GE developed it as a small industrial diamond. Over time, the business of creating brilliant diamonds from the ashes and the hair of loved ones has flourished in Switzerland. Will This Memorial Diamond Business Be Accepted in Korea? Older people may be resistant to this idea. This is especially those who value burial customs in Korea. Having said that, the reality is that the demand for cremation is increasing every year in Korea, and at the same time, the attention to memorial diamonds is also increasing. After the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries are placing more emphasis on cremation, and Korea is one of them, so cremation and diamonds made from ashes will attract more attention in the future. Korea has achieved very rapid industrial development. However, in the field of funerals and burial services, it is still far behind developed countries. Koreans are very reluctant to discuss death itself because of their traditional Confucian views. Many people care a lot about well-being, but there is a lack of awareness about well-dying. The acceptance of new ways of mourning, such as memorial diamonds, in Korea, will change funerals for the better and allow more families to feel closer to their loved ones in a beautiful and honorable way.

TABLE OF CONTENT Education on the HPHT Lab Grown Diamond and its Cost Lab Grown Diamonds Are Not Artificial, but Real Diamonds When Was the First Lab Grown Diamond Made? Synthetic Diamonds vs. Natural Diamonds Differences between Lab Grown Diamonds and Natural Diamonds How Are Lab Grown Diamonds Made? Is an HPHT Lab Grown Diamond the Same as a CVD Lab Grown Diamond? Why HPHT Lab Grown Diamonds Are More Environmentally-Friendly How to Identify Lab Grown Diamonds Cost of HPHT Lab Grown Diamonds Uses of Lab Grown Diamonds HPHT Lab Grown Diamonds in Jewelry Education on the HPHT Lab Grown Diamond and its Cost Lab grown diamonds, commonly known as lab-created or man-made diamonds, have continued to gain popularity. Not only are they captivating and beautiful, but they are also affordable and ethical. And of course, as the name suggests, these diamonds are made in a controlled laboratory environment. Lab grown diamonds constitute up to 3% of the global market of $1.74 billion and are made using different processes, including HPHT (High Pressure High Temperature), CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition), ultrasound cavitation, and detonation. By 2035, their market share is expected to grow to up to $13.4 billion. Lab Grown Diamonds Are Not Artificial, but Real Diamonds When people talk about lab grown or HPHT diamonds, they often wonder, “Are HPHT diamonds considered real diamonds?” The answer is yes. Although natural diamonds and lab grown diamonds have different origins, their structure is exactly similar. For example HPHT diamonds are made from pure carbon crystallized in an isotropic 3D form and the resulting gems are similar to those mined from the earth’s crust. GIA has studied lab grown diamonds for over 30 years and according to them, “their chemical and physical properties correspond very closely to those of natural diamonds.” For this reason, scientists believe that lab grown diamonds are not imitations or stimulants, but real diamonds that can be easily identified by trained gemologists using standard gem-testing equipment. When Was the First Lab Grown Diamond Made? In 1797, it was discovered that diamonds were made of pure carbon. This led scientists to believe that the process that created natural diamonds could easily be replicated in labs. However, there was no report of individuals or companies creating diamonds in the laboratory until 1879 when James Ballantine Hannay reported developments using a method that involved heating charcoal and iron inside a carbon cubicle in a furnace. Modern testing later proved that the remaining samples from his experiments were, in fact, natural diamonds instead of synthetic. Over the years, scientists continued improving existing processes and developing new ones. Some of these scientists include; Feerdinard Henri Moissan, who attempted to make lab grown diamonds with an electric arc furnace in 1893, Sir William Crookes, who used 190000 psi enclosed cordite explosions to create radium bromide diamonds in 1909 and Otto Ruff, who, in 1917, claimed to produce diamonds with a diameter of up to 7 mm but later retracted his statement. In 1926, Dr. J Willard Hershey from McPherson College replicated Ruff’s and Moissan’s experiments of producing lab grown diamonds. Meanwhile, Sir Charles Arganon Persons also devoted 40 years of his life, from 1882 to 1922, attempting to reproduce the experiments of Hannay and Moissan. Along the way, he adapted his own processes too and all his resulting samples were preserved for further analysis by an independent party. The most significant breakthrough in the industry of lab grown diamonds took place in December 1954, when an America company named GE created the first-ever batch of industrial-grown diamonds. Synthetic Diamonds vs. Natural Diamonds No two diamonds are ever exactly alike, and this stands true for both natural and lab grown diamonds. However, both of these have their own similarities as well as prominent differences that make distinguishing them easier. Let’s have a look. Similarities When seen by a native and inexperienced eye, lab grown diamonds appear to be the same as natural diamonds. Primarily, this is because their physical and optical properties, chemical composition, and crystal structure are the same. For this reason, only trained gemologists can distinguish between them. The majority of natural diamonds have trace amounts of other elements, including nitrogen, which gives it a yellow color or boron, which provides them with a blue color and hydrogen. Similarly, lab grown diamonds made with the CVD method involves the breakdown of molecules of carbon-rich gas like methane into hydrogen and carbon atoms. For this reason, traces of hydrogen can be found in CVD lab grown diamonds. In the case of HPHT diamonds, traces of nitrogen give the gem a naturally amber color. In addition, both lab-created and natural diamonds alike have inclusions that impact their clarity. Natural diamonds contain bits of foreign material that was trapped in the still-forming diamonds years ago and this can manifest as metallic inclusions for the case of lab grown diamonds. These inclusions can be identified with a 10x magnification. Differences between Lab Grown Diamonds and Natural Diamonds Time: Lab grown diamonds take roughly 6 to 9 months to develop in a lab. Meanwhile, natural diamonds that are close enough to the earth’s surface to be mined today formed roughly 1 billion to 3.3 billion years ago. Colors: Lab grown diamonds can be grown in white, green, pink, yellow, and blue and are generally found with color grades that range from K grade to D grades. Some kinds of lab-created diamonds are color-treated for example CVD diamonds that have a brown color are decolorized through a treatment process to make them almost or entirely colorless. Meanwhile, natural diamonds can be found in all colors imaginable with an infinite number of saturation levels, tonality, and hues. The colors occur due to the impurities like nitrogen molecules that get trapped in the diamond lattice. Different trace chemicals in pure carbon cause different saturation levels and, in turn, different colors. The most common color for diamonds is white, while rarer colors include vivid blue, pink, and fancy yellow. Place of formation: Natural diamonds are formed deep within the earth’s mantle under conditions of high temperature and high pressure. Due to volcanic activity, diamonds are carried to the surface where they lay in a volcanic rock formation called kimberlite pipes, ready to be mined. However, roughly only 5% of the kimberlite pipes have enough diamonds to make them feasible to mine. On the other hand, lab grown diamonds are made in the laboratory, as the name suggests. How Are Lab Grown Diamonds Made? Lab grown diamonds can be made by using four different methods. HPHT Diamond Process High Pressure High Temperature is the most common process used to create lab grown diamonds. It mimics the natural process, which combines both high temperature and high pressure conditions to make natural diamonds in the mantle of the earth. A similar environment of pressure up to 60000 BAR and temperatures of up to 3000K is created in the lab in order to turn carbon into diamonds. LONITE uses the HPHT diamond process to create all its lab grown gems. The HPHT diamond process has three main press designs that are used for supplying the temperature and pressure necessary for producing lab grown diamonds. These are: a. Belt Press Both the lower and upper anvils supply a pressure load to the cylindrical inner cell. The internal pressure is radially confined by a belt of pre-stressed steel bands. The anvils also function as electrodes to provide electric current to the compressed cell. b. Cubic Press A cubic press has six anvils that provide pressure into all the faces of a cube-shaped volume simultaneously. Typically, a cubic press is smaller than a belt press but it is just as capable of achieving the temperature and pressure necessary for creating lab grown diamonds. c. Split-sphere (BARS) Press A synthesis capsule, which is a cylindrical capsule made of ceramic measuring 2 cm cube in size, is placed at the center of the BARS device. This is believed to be the most economical, efficient, and compact method. 2. CVD CVD or Chemical Vapor Deposition is another method used for making lab grown diamonds. This method involves growing diamonds from a mixture of hydrocarbon gases. The simplicity and flexibility of CVD setups make it one of the most common methods. CVD diamond growth also ensures several advantages such as the ability to grow diamonds on various substrates and over large areas as well as control over chemical impurities. Ultimately, CVD allows control over the properties of the resulting lab grown diamond. Also, this process doesn’t need high pressure since growth of the man-made diamond usually takes place at pressures of under 27 kPa. 3. Detonation of Explosives Lab grown or man-made diamonds can also be made using the detonation of explosives. By detonating some carbon-containing explosives within a metal chamber, it is possible to form diamond nanocrystals measuring up to 5 nm in diameter. These nanocrystals are termed as detonation nanodiamonds. During this explosion, the temperature and pressure in the chamber becomes so high that they can convert the carbon from the explosives to diamonds. 4. Ultrasound Cavitation The last method used for making man-made diamonds is ultrasound cavitation. With this method, micron-sized diamond crystals are made from a suspension of graphite in organic liquid. The suspension is kept at room temperature and atmospheric pressure using ultrasonic cavitation. Perhaps the greatest benefit of this technique is that it needs relatively simple procedures and equipment but it has only been reported by two research groups, and has no industrial use as of 2012. Is an HPHT Lab Grown Diamond the Same as a CVD Lab Grown Diamond? HPHT diamonds are not the same as CVD diamonds. Their primary difference lies in the materials and methods used for creating the two. Whereas the HPHT diamond process involves the use of high temperature and pressure on carbon, the CVD process involves depositing gases such as methane on a diamond seed in order to produce diamonds. In addition, with HPHT diamonds, it’s quite tricky to produce completely colorless diamonds. The majority of diamonds produced using this method either turn out to be brown or yellowish in color. On the other hand, with CVD, the vacuum chamber just contains hydrogen and carbon, which means that colorless crystals are possible. However, if boron or nitrogen is introduced in the chamber, blue or yellow man-made diamonds can be produced. Why HPHT Lab Grown Diamonds Are More Environmentally-Friendly As mentioned earlier, man-made diamonds are created in labs, so there’s more control over the labor processes, plus the energy needed to make them is less. Of course, both lab production and diamond mining require energy usage. This use of energy can have an adverse effect on the environment since excess natural gas and oil resources are used. However, the amount of energy used for lab grown diamonds is significantly low. One of the greatest producers of natural diamonds requires 80.3 kilowatt-hours for each carat in mining operations. Meanwhile, lab grown diamonds need only about 20-28 kilowatt-hours for each carat. Secondly, mining natural diamond damages the surrounding environment a lot as well. For instance, if the mine is roughly 2 miles in depth, then all the surrounding earth within that depth will also have to be excavated. To put it into perspective, for 1-carat diamonds, up to 1700 tons of dirt would have to be removed. Moving the excavated dirt also influences the area surrounding the mine since that dirt has to be dropped somewhere. The end result is the land being disturbed; in fact, even waterways and other similar features are removed for mining natural diamonds. Meanwhile, since man-made diamonds are grown in a lab, manufacturing them won’t affect any land. Manufacturers just have to place carbon in a machine, and it is converted into diamonds after a series of processes. Man-made diamonds have a very minimal impact on the plants, animals, or land. When compared to natural diamonds, man-made diamonds produce fewer carbon emissions. Since the former needs heavy machinery for excavation and production, the carbon emissions are higher, thus impacting the environment more. For the lab grown diamond process, however, no fossil fuels are needed since most laboratory machines are run by power. How to Identify Lab Grown Diamonds Experienced personnel, as well as specialized equipment, are needed for differentiating and identifying man-made diamonds and natural diamonds. There are two institutions that are known for their standards in grading and testing gemstones; one is GIA – the Gemological Institute of America, and the other is IGI – International Gemological Institute. Generally, it’s possible to differentiate lab grown diamonds based on the following factors; a) Color Distribution The HPHT process produces colored lab grown diamonds that usually show uneven coloration. This coloration can easily be noticed with transmitted light with the help of a microscope. For additional clarity, the cut stone can be immersed either in mineral oil or water to minimize the surface reflections. Lab grown diamonds show color zoning due to the various impurities incorporated in the diamond crystal during its formation process. Examples of such contaminants include nitrogen and boron. Sometimes, natural diamonds also show some color zoning; however, the geometric pattern of the zoning is different than that of HPHT lab grown diamonds. Meanwhile, CVD-grown man-made diamonds typically show even coloration. b) Graining Patterns Diamonds have grain inside, almost just like wood does. With specialized equipment, these grain patterns can be evaluated. The observed pattern can then tell the gemologist details of how the diamond was actually formed. As mentioned earlier, natural diamonds form deep in the earth over millions of years, while lab grown diamonds formed in 6 to 9 months. Therefore, both of them have drastically different growth and graining patterns. Man-made diamonds have a specific grain pattern, which is a confirming indicator. c) Fluorescence Colors Man-made diamonds can also be distinguished with the help of special light waves that cause diamonds to glow. Lab grown diamonds glow more brightly than natural diamonds, which is an early indicator. Another indicator is the color that the stone returns to as the special light waves hit it. Typically, earth-mined diamonds give off a blue color while lab grown diamonds made with the CVD process give off a bright orange color. Similarly, HPHT lab grown diamonds most commonly fluoresce in a turquoise or off-bluish color. The fluorescence pattern is another indicator. HPHT diamonds have a cross-shaped pattern either on the pavilion or on the crown. Meanwhile, CVD diamonds have a striated pattern when seen through pavilion facets. d) Metallic Flux Inclusions HPHT diamonds have inclusions of flux metal. In transmitted light, the metallic flux inclusions appear opaque and black while in reflected light, they have a metallic luster. Plus, the flux metal alloy used for growing diamonds contains elements like cobalt, nickel, and iron. This means that man-made diamonds with large metallic inclusions will be easily attracted to a magnet and can be picked up with it. Meanwhile, CVD-grown diamonds form in a completely different way, so there are no metallic inclusions. On the other hand, only some natural diamonds have dark inclusions of graphite or other minerals; however, these don’t have any metallic luster. e) Strain Patterns When tested between two polarizing filters placed at ninety-degree angles to each other, natural diamonds show a bright mosaic or crosshatched pattern of strain or interference colors. These arise because of the stresses the diamonds are subjected to under the earth's surface or when it erupts explosively to the earth’s surface. Man-made diamonds, however, grow in an almost 100% uniform pressure environment with no stress. So, when lab grown diamonds are inspected with polarizing filters, there are either no strain patterns or just a weak banded strain pattern. f) Inscriptions in the Girdle Lab grown diamonds usually have a minuscule inscription present on the girdle that labels it as a lab created diamond. Of course, you can’t see this inscription without extensive magnification. Generally, a jeweler’s loupe has 10 x magnifications; however, to see the inscription, you would need up to 30 x magnifications. The girdle of the diamond is basically its widest part, and the size of the lettering for the inscription will correlate to the girdle’s size. In other words, a thin girdle will have tiny lettering, which is why a 30x magnification loupe is essential. In most cases, whenever grading labs identify or certify a man-made diamond, they inscribe the girdle, marking it as lab-grown if there is none present. However, if there’s absolutely no inscription on the girdle, even after it has been lab-tested, then you know you’re looking at a real diamond. Cost of HPHT Lab Grown Diamonds In the last two years, the retail synthetic diamond price has significantly decreased by up to 50%. Likewise, the wholesale natural and synthetic diamond price has also gone down threefold. The key trends that have affected prices in the diamond industry have been outlined in the report titled “The Global Diamond Industry 2018” published by Bain AWDC. According to the report, the decreasing prices can be attributed to the rising influence of digital technologies. The advancements that technology has made have resulted in the simplification of the process of making man-made diamonds. Ultimately, this has resulted in reduced synthetic diamond prices on the global market. As per the report, back in 2008, the cost of producing just one carat of lab grown diamonds was roughly $4000. However, with the technological advancements made in the previous decade, the lab grown diamond price has drastically dropped down to roughly $300 to $500 per carat. Other factors that have affected the price of diamonds also include the buying habits of the younger generation as well as the growing presence of man-made diamonds in the global market. The younger generation today prefers to go for high quality and uniqueness. The declining production cost and a wider buying audience are bound to increase the demand for both natural and lab grown diamonds. The report also predicts that with the increase in production efficiency and the introduction of new competitors in the market, along with the commoditization of the industry, natural and synthetic diamond prices are expected to fall further. Uses of Lab Grown Diamonds Credited by their durability, increasing affordability and availability, lab grown diamonds are now being used in several industrial applications. These include: Machining Tools Hardness is an attribute that’s essential for all cutting and machining tools. Diamonds are known for their hardness, which is why man-made diamonds are being widely used in the production of machining tools for industry use as well as hardware. Since diamonds can be used for polishing, cutting, and wearing away any material, common industrial applications include diamond-tipped drill bits and saws. Diamond powder can also be used as an abrasive as well as wear-resistant coating on bearings and tools. Thermal Conductor Pure lab grown diamonds are characterized by their negligible electrical conductivity and high thermal conductivity. Both of these qualities make it perfect to use as a heat sink for high power transistors, laser arrays, and high power laser diodes. In semiconductors, man-made diamonds are used as heat spreaders to prevent semiconducting devices and silicon from overheating. Optical Materials As mentioned earlier, a diamond is hard. Along with that, it has high thermal conductivity, is chemically inert, and possesses a low thermal expansion coefficient. Due to these properties, lab grown diamonds emerge as superior to other window materials used for transmitting microwave and infrared radiation. For this reason, lab grown diamonds are being used instead of zinc selenide as output windows of high-power CO2 lasers as well as gyrotrons. In addition, lab grown diamonds can also be used for creating designer optically-transparent diamond anvils. These anvils can then be used for measuring the magnetic and electric properties of materials at high-pressure with the help of diamond anvil cells. Electronics Today, synthetic diamonds for sale are used for making several electronic devices, which include semiconductors, electrodes, and radiation detection devices. Jewelry Since man-made diamonds are available in a variety of colors, these are ideal for different jewelry and accessories, including necklaces and bracelets. However, perhaps the most common use of diamonds in jewelry is to make HPHT diamond rings. Plus, given the declining cost of man-made diamonds, the prices of HPHT diamond rings and necklaces are widely affordable. Memorial Diamonds Memorial diamonds are lab made diamonds that are used for paying eternal tribute and commemorating the memory of a deceased loved one. For this HPHT diamond process, the ashes of the deceased are used to make the lab grown diamonds. The lab grown diamond price for these gems starts at $1250 USD Medical Applications Lab grown diamonds are being used in advanced healthcare applications. For instance, they are used for the therapy of eye-cancer patients. Radiation detectors based on lab grown diamonds ensure the delivery of the right dosage by targeting just the cancer-affected tissue. At the same time, it makes sure that the healthy tissues around the cancer-affected areas are not targeted. Similarly, lab grown diamonds are used as surgical scalpels in ophthalmic and neurosurgery. HPHT Lab Grown Diamonds in Jewelry As mentioned earlier, synthetic diamonds for sale can be used to make HPHT diamond rings. Apart from that, there are other applications of man-made diamonds in jewelry. It’s easy to cut lab grown diamonds into classical shapes that can then be made into jewelry pieces as per the client’s choices. These jewelry pieces range from pendants, necklaces to earrings, simple bracelets and HPHT diamond rings. In addition, lab grown diamonds are available in a plethora of different colors, including blue and yellow. Therefore, they are perfect for jewelry pieces, specifically for whole sets of necklaces and earrings fitted with different colored diamonds. In fact, it’s possible to make different styles and lengths of earrings, such as large drop-shaped earrings or small hoops. The same is the case for rings. With the different shapes and colors, lab grown diamonds can be used for making different kinds of HPHT diamond rings, including engagement rings, wedding bands, and even promise rings. The jewelry setting of your choice has an impact on the resulting lab grown diamond price. Not to mention, the lab grown diamond price also varies depending on the synthetic diamond vendor you will have selected.

TABLE OF CONTENT Immediate Steps to Take After the Death of a Pet How to Make Funeral Arrangements for Your Pet How to Cope With Pet Loss? Pets are considered members of almost every modern family. According to the 2019-2020 National Pet Owners Survey conducted by the American Pet Products Association (APPA), 67% of all households in the USA (roughly 85 million families) own a pet. Once you’ve shared cute cuddles, play dates, special holidays and traditions, or even hard-core stressful moments, it’s almost impossible to imagine life without your furry friend; yet the sad reality is, humans, outlive most of their pets. Thanks to advances in technology, it is now possible to create eternal tributes such as memorial diamonds for pets as a permanent reminder of the love, joy, and companionship that the deceased pet brought into your life. Immediate Steps to Take After the Death of a Pet Check to be sure that your pet is actually dead. Often when a pet is nearing its final moments, there’s a likelihood of loss of consciousness that could last for a few minutes or even hours before the actual death occurs. In addition, breathing becomes progressively longer and the heart rate grows ever slower, which can be mistaken to mean that the pet is dead. Wear gloves while handling the pet’s body as bodily fluids and/or waste are often released after death. Clean any areas that might have said fluid or waste. Depending on the position your pet was in when it died, tuck in their front and back legs tight into their body.' Contact a veterinarian to help you pick up the pet corpse and preserve it while you make funeral arrangements. Pet corpses start decomposing immediately after death and give off a foul odor that might also attract insects. If your pet died suddenly at home and the cause is unclear, discuss post-mortem options with your pet’s veterinarian. Decide on whether you want to bury or cremate the pet How to Make Funeral Arrangements for Your Pet The first step to overcoming pet loss is organizing a funeral that honors the life and memory of your furry friend. Depending on your local area laws, the options range from a simple farewell ceremony in the backyard to a more elaborate service in a cemetery or crematoria. Pet Burial Burial is a method of final disposition wherein the deceased pet is placed into the ground. The legalities of pet burial differ by state and municipality: with some localities having more stringent regulations than others. Therefore, before deciding on this method of disposal, research and understand all laws pertaining to it. At Home Although burying your pet at home sounds like an easy fix, this method of disposal poses a serious health risk for pets, wildlife, and humans altogether if it isn’t done properly. A case in point, some pets are euthanized with pentobarbital to help them transition peacefully into the afterlife, yet according to scientists, this drug persists at toxic concentrations for at least 2 years in a partially buried carcass. Given this risk, states in the USA such as Washington and Missouri not only mandate the approved methods for disposing of a dead pet but also specify how and where residents can legally bury their animals. Notably, Texas is among the few states that don’t have any rules against this method of disposal. Families are free to bury their pets on any land that they own or have permission to do so. In contrast, people in the UK are permitted to bury their pets at home, on condition that: You own the land where the pet is buried. The pet is not buried near any water sources. There are 2 feet of earth above the pet in heavy soils, and 3 feet in lighter soils. The pet’s remains are not hazardous to human health. (Especially if certain controlled drugs have been used.) Pet Cemeteries According to the International Association of Pet Cemeteries, there are over 700 pet cemeteries in the United States. These create a final resting place for the remains of your pet so that you have a permanent and physical place to visit. The Association of Private Pet Cemeteries and Crematoria oversees most of the pet cemeteries in the UK. Some pet cemeteries in the UK and USA also allow humans to be buried in the same plot as their furry friends. However, double-check with the appropriate authorities to make sure that this option is available in your local area. New York is one of the states in the USA that allows humans to be buried alongside the cremated ashes of their pets as long as it is in a not-for-profit cemetery that has consented to a pet burial on its grounds. New Jersey, on the other hand, allows pet owners to have their ashes disposed of in their pet cemetery, but doesn’t allow pets to be buried in human cemeteries. Pet Cremation The trend of cremating pets has grown exponentially in both the USA and the UK over the years. The process is exactly the same as in humans, except that the duration differs depending on the size of the pet. Whether or not the cremated ashes are returned to you depends on the type of cremation selected: individual or communal. The cremated ashes can be stored in an urn at home, scattered in a meaningful place, used to create a memorial tree, memorial diamonds for the whole family, a 3D painting, or even to create a permanent tattoo in honor of your deceased pet. How to Cope With Pet Loss? Losing a pet is as stressful as losing any other member of your family. It might help to reach out to your loved ones, a support group, or even a therapist. If there are children involved, be open, honest, and patient as they process what’s happening. Confronting the Stages of Grief Everyone that has lost a pet has likely been through these stages of grief; Shock or disbelief, Anger, Denial, Depression, and Acceptance. The time it takes to move through each stage varies, so don’t feel pressured to “get over it” or move on. Honoring the Memory of Your Pet Honoring the memory of your pet is important in coping with loss, because it helps you appreciate the life of your furry friend, the companionship, plus the love and memories shared. It is also a very personal aspect of the grieving process and therefore, there is no right or wrong way to do it. Some of the unique ideas for a pet memorial in the UK and USA include: Turn the Pet’s Ashes into Memorial Diamonds Memorial diamonds for pets have become a popular option for many pet owners in the UK and the USA, because of the possibility of eternalizing a deceased pet in something as beautiful and symbolic as a diamond. The carbon extracted from cremated ashes and fur is converted into memorial diamonds for pets using specialized high-pressure, high-temperature technology. Memorial diamonds for pets are set into any type of cremation jewelry so that the bereaved can keep their furry friend close. Popular options in the UK and USA include; rings, earrings, pendants/necklaces, and bracelets. Make a Donation to a Local Animal Shelter Another way to remember and honor the life of your pet is to make a donation to your local animal shelter. Whether it’s a monetary donation in the name of your pet or you would like to volunteer some hours of your time, your contribution will help improve the livelihoods of other animals, especially those that haven’t been blessed with a loving home. Create a Memory Album This is one of the easiest ways to honor the memory of a deceased pet. Include photos of the pet, their favorite toys, and any other interests that stood out. You can also include photos from the funeral or memorial service, condolence cards, and anything else that summarizes the personality of your deceased pet. Keep a Memento If your pet loved a specific item of clothing or a toy, consider framing it or keeping it somewhere safe. This also includes their leash, collar, or any other personal items that make an excellent memento of your time together. Get a Permanent Paw Print Another option is to have a paw print done before your pet is buried or cremated. This can be framed, set into jewelry, or used as a display piece in your pet memorial garden. Pets are an important part of our lives and that’s why it’s fitting to remember them in one way or another after they have passed on. Whether you choose memorial diamonds for pets, a simple grave at home, or a huge celebration of life party, the important thing is that you acknowledge their impact on your life.

TABLE OF CONTENT The Fancy Colored Diamond: How Much Do You Know About It? Fancy Colored Diamond History Cremation Processes and Arrangements How much do Colored Diamonds Cost? Colored Diamonds offered by Lonite The Fancy Colored Diamond: How Much Do You Know About It? Just like colorless diamonds, fancy-colored diamonds are formed in the Earth’s mantle under conditions of extreme heat and pressure and then delivered to the surface by deep-source volcanic eruptions. The difference is that if foreign particles are trapped during the process of diamond crystallization, the chemical process of formation is altered and the result is a fancy-colored diamond. Each fancy color is caused by a different structural irregularity like the presence of nitrogen for the yellow diamond, the presence of boron for the blue diamond, or a significant number of impurities for the black diamond. What Are Natural Colored Diamonds or Fancy Colored Diamonds? Diamonds in the normal color range rank between colorless and light yellow and are described using the industry’s D to Z color-grading scale, unlike fancy colored diamonds which exhibit colors beyond the Z range. These rare natural colored diamonds occur in all colors of the rainbow from red, pink, orange, blue, green, violet, yellow, brown, gray or black. According to GIA only one in 10,000 diamonds has a fancy color or is a natural colored diamond. Black, brown and yellow fancy-colored diamonds occur more frequently than green or blue fancy-colored diamonds. Reportedly, only 2 to 4 major blue natural colored diamonds are released to the market annually, and only 50 fancy vivid blue natural colored diamonds have been sold at auctions since 1999. The 45.52 carat fancy deep grayish blue Hope Diamond is the world’s most famous gem displayed in the National Natural History Museum in Washington D.C. In comparison, red natural colored diamonds are the rarest of all the fancy colored diamonds and occur in one single color intensity; even experienced jewelers never see pure or fancy vivid red diamonds in their lifetime. Notably, only around 20 to 30 true red natural colored diamonds are known to exist in the world, most of these less than half a carat in size but still valued as the most expensive diamonds in colored diamond price per carat. How Rare Are Pink Natural Colored Diamonds? While up to 12-14 million carats of diamonds are mined, polished and sold annually, only 0.01% of them are fancy colored diamonds. Out of the 0.01%, approximately 80% are yellow and brown fancy colored diamonds while the remaining 20% consists of black and grey natural colored diamonds. Argyle Diamond mine which is responsible for up to 90% of the world’s supply of pink natural colored diamonds is set for closure in 2020 due to its low proportion of gem-quality diamonds. This is projected to largely impact the number of pink fancy colored diamonds marketed annually even further, considering that the figure stands at 0.0001% currently. Fancy light pink colored diamonds which cost $10,000 per carat over 38 years ago are now estimated at an astronomical colored diamond price of $220,000 per carat; 22 times their value in 1979. In April 2017, the Pink Star natural colored diamond of 59.60 carats became the most expensive gem ever auctioned. Due to the high demand and low supply of fancy colored diamonds, new technology is being used to create the pink tint in colorless diamonds during the high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) process. Pink natural colored diamonds are coveted for use in colored diamond necklaces, colored diamond rings, and other pieces of jewelry. Fancy Colored Diamond History The Cullinan Diamond, also known as the Star of Africa has an estimated colored diamond price of $2 billion. This white diamond weighed 621.35 grams before it was split into nine large diamonds and several smaller ones. The stone was discovered by Captain Fredrick Wells in 1905 and was named after Sir Thomas Cullinan, the owner of Premier Diamond Mining Co. where it was found. The Heart of Eternity Diamond is one of the ten most valuable blue diamonds ever sold and was discovered in the South African Premier Diamond Mine. This heart shaped fancy vivid blue diamond has a colored diamond price of $16,000,000. The diamond weighs 5.528 grams and 27.64 carats. The Kohinoor Diamond, also known as the Mountain of Light, the Diamond of Babur has a colored diamond price of $1 billion. This white diamond of 105.6 carats weighs 21.6 grams and is believed to have been mined from either the mines of Golkonda or Kollur Mine in India in the 1300s. The diamond originally weighed 793 carats before England’s Consort Prince Albert had it cut to its present size so as to increase its brilliance. This diamond is believed to possess magical powers originating from Surya, the sun god or the Indian god Krishna. The Kohinoor diamond currently resides in the Tower of London, where it is on public display along with other famous stones. The Centenary Diamond was discovered in the Premier Mine in 1986 and weighed 599 carats uncut. The colorless diamond was later cut into a modified heart-shape and has a colored diamond price of $100 million. It was christened Centenary Diamond by Julian Ogilvie Thompson from the Centennial Celebration of De Beer Consolidated Mines. The Krupp Diamond. The colorless diamond is a classic piece with a fascinating history and a colored diamond price of $9,250,000. The Asscher cut diamond was owned by Elizabeth Taylor and is said to have been one of her favorite pieces as can be seen in many of her photos. Elizabeth Taylor passed on in 2011 and the 33.19 carat diamond was subsequently auctioned and sold to the South Korean conglomerate E-Land for a whopping $8,818,500 disrupting the industry price for a carat of colorless diamond. Development of Natural Colored Diamond Cuts A diamond cut is a style or design guide used when shaping a diamond for polishing. The cut of a diamond greatly affects its brilliance, thus making it more luminous. A diamond cut helps in utilizing a gemstone’s material properties and is made up of symmetrically arranged facets which all together help in modifying the shape and appearance of a diamond crystal. Diamond cutters today thrive on new technology such as laser cutting and computer-aided design to craft gems whose complexity and optical performance made them impossible to develop previously. The most popular natural colored diamond cuts include; the modern round brilliant, whose facet arrangements and proportions have been perfected by both mathematical & empirical analysis and the fancy cuts, which come in a variety of shapes and are derived from the round brilliant. Princess, Asscher, Cushion, Heart, Pear and Emerald are some of the renowned fancy cuts. The most known sources of fancy diamonds include; India, DRC, Sierra Leone, Brazil, Central Africa, Angola, South Africa, and Australia. Other diamond mine locations include Venezuela, Guyana, and Indonesia. Cremation Processes and Arrangements There are no fixed rules on how to get cremated. Instead, funeral and cremation arrangements vary based on tradition, culture and religion. Sometimes choices are determined by the services and options available at funeral homes, but funeral directors and crematoriums typically work together to meet the funeral and cremation requirements of the deceased and the family. The cremation process can be structured so that a ceremony takes place either before or after the actual cremation of the body. Cremation ashes are sometimes displayed in an urn at a ceremony day after the cremation process has been completed. This makes it impossible to say definitively how long a cremation service takes. A requiem mass or other religious ceremony can be conducted either on the actual day of cremation or before as part of the cremation process. Of course, a medical certificate must always be secured from the coroner or the doctor stating the cause of death in order to authorize the cremation of a body. Once this has been obtained, the physical cremation process can begin. If there is to be a formal religious ceremony such as a mass before the actual cremation, funeral directors will often provide a casket to hold the deceased. This casket is not cremated with the body, so that the funeral and cremation can be considered as two separate parts of the cremation process. Not cremating the casket also preserves the cremation ashes. This is how you can make diamonds out of cremation ashes. How Is a Natural Colored Diamond Created? Diamonds are formed out of carbon atoms, transformed by high pressure (70 ton/cm²) and high temperatures of around 1300° to 2000° C into a crystalline structure. The transformation of carbon into crystal diamonds occurs in the earth’s mantle, 150 km from the surface of the earth as a result of geological processes that occurred about 550 million to 4 billion years ago. Despite being composed of the same element, being acted upon by the same physical processes, and having formed in the same time span and geological region, there is one small but key difference between the creation of colorless and natural colored diamonds. This involves a chemical interaction with foreign particles that integrate into the diamond’s carbon structure during the crystallization process. This chemical process includes interactions with other elements such as boron and nitrogen, as a result of uncommonly high temperatures/pressures. How Naturally Colored Diamonds Get Their Color Brown, Red & Pink Colored Diamonds: These natural colored diamonds are formed by a combination of intense pressure and heat which distort the crystal lattice that absorbs green light, thus reflecting a pink/brown/red hue. Blue Colored Diamonds: These gems get their color from boron which bonds with carbon in the crystal structure thus absorbing the red, yellow and green areas of the color spectrum. Green Colored Diamonds: Just as they are about to leave the uppermost layer of the crust, these fancy colored diamonds absorb naturally occurring radiation which causes them to reflect a green hue by absorbing red and yellow light. Violet and Purple Colored Diamonds: So far, crystal distortion is the speculated cause of these natural colored diamonds. However, it is believed that the presence of hydrogen is partly responsible for their hue. Orange and Yellow Colored Diamonds: The remarkable hue of yellow and orange diamonds can be attributed to one element; nitrogen. While a diamond is forming, nitrogen atoms arrange in such a way that blue light is absorbed, thus producing a yellow color. A specific grouping of nitrogen atoms is also responsible for the shading of orange fancy colored diamonds. Black Colored Diamonds: These opaque gems are caused by inclusions of graphite within the diamond crystal. Gray Colored Diamonds: This fancy colored diamond is colored by hydrogen, and more rarely boron (unknown how, since boron nearly always forms blue). The defect causes the stone to absorb all wavelengths of light equally. Gray color can tint nearly every other shade, for example Gray-greens, also known as "Olive" and the famous Gray- blues, sometimes tinged with purple that are produced by the Argyle mine. How Much Do Colored Diamonds Cost? The pricing of natural colored diamonds is different from that of colorless diamonds. For natural colored diamonds, the aspect of color far outweighs the other “C’s” (clarity, cut, and carat weight) in the determination of value. The most basic pricing principle in natural diamond trade, whether fancy colored or colorless, states that “the rarer the diamond, the higher its value.” Each diamond has its own unique features and its price is therefore determined according to regularity or rarity. On average, natural-colored diamond prices have risen by 122% in the last ten years. A case in point, spring 2016, a Geneva-based fund manager purchased a highly rare vivid orange gem at a colored diamond price of $1 million per carat, and in May 2016, a 14.62-carat blue gem sold for the colored diamond price of $57.5 million at another Geneva auction, making it the most expensive diamond in the world to ever be purchased in an auction. Although the colored diamonds below are rarer than white diamonds, their colored diamond price is typically less than white diamonds of comparable quality and carat due to generally lower levels of demand for them. Color Colored Diamond Price Per Carat Fancy Light Yellow $4,320 Yellowish Brown $4,320 Fancy Yellow $9,720 Brownish Yellow (Cognac) $6,480 The mid-range priced level of colored diamonds includes stones with lower saturations due to the presence of secondary colors. Color Colored Diamond Price Per Carat Deep Yellowish Orange $9,500 Orange Brown – Gray $10,800 Brownish Orange $28,080 Orange Yellow $21,600 Fancy Intense Yellow (Canary) $25,488 Lime Green $38,880 Intense Blue $38,880 Light Brownish Pink – Light Pink $43,200 The rarest fancy colored diamonds are significantly more expensive than white diamonds, with a value that rises exponentially the higher the carat and color intensity. For example, a 7.37 carat fancy intense purplish pink diamond was sold at a colored diamond price of $819,201 per carat, a vivid green diamond at a colored diamond price of $1.22 million per carat and the 12.03-carat blue Moon diamond at a colored diamond price of $50 million, making it the only diamond to ever sell for more than $4 million per carat. What Factors Influence the Natural Colored Diamond Price? Some of the factors that influence the colored diamond price include: Origin. The colored diamond price depends on whether the gem is natural or lab created. Natural colored diamonds are significantly more valuable than their artificial colored counterparts that are created in a laboratory, but an untrained eye without proper equipment can’t distinguish between the two. Advanced gemological institutes, led by the GIA (Gemological Institute of America) have the appropriate means and experts who can identify and categorize the natural colored diamond's characteristics, primarily its origin. Color: To determine colored diamond price according to color, experts take into account the diamond's hue, saturation, and tone. The vivid, deep, and powerful colors such as fancy intense and fancy deep are rarer and more valuable and therefore priced higher than the brighter natural colored ones. A natural colored diamond’s value decreases when there is a secondary color, but if the secondary color is rare, the colored diamond prices go higher. Sometimes color differences are so subtle that they cannot be traced by the human eye. Carat. This refers specifically to the diamond’s weight. A 1-carat diamond weighs 0.2 grams meaning that a 5-carat diamond weighs only 1 gram. Heavier colored diamonds are considered rare and therefore, their colored diamond price per carat will increase significantly. As such, 1-carat natural colored diamonds are 2 to 4 times more expensive compared to half-carat diamonds; all other factors held constant. Clarity. This term indicates the quality of the diamond’s reflection and shine, as well as the amount of internal or external defects that affect how clear the diamond is. Clarity is measured on a scale that ranges from flawless to internally flawless and other values as well since some flaws are not visible to the naked eye. Important to note is that colored diamond rings and colored diamond necklaces do not make use of flawless and internally flawless stones as these are mainly used for investment purposes. Cut. Cutting is done by the polisher to highlight the diamond’s rarest and most valued qualities. For example; is the shape of the natural colored diamond symmetrical? Does it accentuate and deepen its color? Does it look bigger than its actual weight? Is the polish shiny and the colored diamond sparkling and dazzling? A properly cut diamond has a 30% higher value than a poorly cut diamond. Some natural colored diamonds can have good quality but poor cut. What is the Most Expensive Diamond Color? Red fancy colored diamonds are the rarest and most expensive of all the natural colored diamonds. They only come in a single intensity which is fancy. When red diamonds appear with a purple modifying color (the most commonly found secondary hue in red diamonds), colored diamond prices vary dramatically based on the percentage saturation of red in the stone. However the colored diamond price of a 0.20ct purplish red is about $300,000 per carat and about $500,000 for a 0.40ct. The red color in diamonds is so rare that even if it appears in a diamond at an extremely low saturation as a modifying secondary color, the colored diamond price will rise exponentially. Thus, while a brown natural colored diamond has a colored diamond price of $2,400 per carat, the colored diamond price of a reddish brown diamond can go up to $30,000 per carat – over 12 times as much due to the effect of the color red. No other color has such a drastic effect when it appears as a modifier. The most known red diamond is the Moussaieff Red – a 5.11ct Pure Red diamond that was purchased at a colored diamond price of over $ 1.6 million per carat. Natural Colored Diamonds in Jewelry Natural colored diamonds are used in jewelry such as rings, necklaces and pendants. However, colored diamond rings and colored diamond necklaces are the most popular of these settings. Colored diamond rings come in a variety of settings ranging from simple designs such as the prong, bezel or tension which are easy to wear to designs such as the pave and halo which give your colored diamond a more dazzling effect. Other colored diamond rings designs include; Asscher, Emerald, Heart, Princess or Roman numeral, available in all sorts of sizes and materials such as yellow gold, rose gold and white for both men and women. Colored diamond rings and colored diamond necklaces can be set on metals such as platinum, gold, palladium or silver. Platinum and gold are the most widely appreciated metals for use in colored diamond jewelry settings like colored diamond engagement rings and colored diamond necklaces. Synthetic Colored Diamond Synthetic diamonds, commonly referred to as lab-grown diamonds are diamonds produced in a controlled process that imitates the natural geological process of diamond formation in the Earth’s crust. They are made of the same material as natural diamonds and then crystallized in isotropic 3D form. The methods used to create synthetic diamonds include; HPHT (High Pressure High Temperature), CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) and NPD. HPHT synthetic colored diamonds are grown using the high pressure, high-temperature method. The method makes use of three press designs (the belt press, the cubic press and the split-sphere) to supply the high pressure and temperatures needed to produce synthetic diamonds. Diamond seeds are placed at the bottom of the press and the internal part of the press heated to temperatures above 1400 °C to melt the solvent metal. The molten metal dissolves the high purity carbon source, which is then transported to the small diamond seeds and precipitates, forming a large synthetic colored diamond. CVD synthetic colored diamonds are developed from a hydrocarbon gas mixture. This process is simpler and more flexible for laboratory research compared to the HPHT method. It also does not require high pressures, as diamond formation occurs at pressures less than 27 kPa. The CVD colored diamond growth involves substrate preparation, feeding varying amounts of gases into a chamber and energizing them. The gases always include a carbon source, typically methane, and hydrogen with a typical ratio of 1:99. The gases are ionized into chemically active radicals in the growth chamber using microwave power, a hot filament, an arc discharge, a welding torch, a laser, an electron beam or other means. NPD synthetic colored diamonds have been produced using the CVD method since the 1950s. It involves the seeding of a flat platform substrate of metal or ceramic with micron diamond and putting the seeds in a chamber under vacuum. Hydrogen and methane are then introduced into the chamber and the mixture heated rapidly. The gases react with each other and the seed diamond so that a diamond layer forms on the seed diamond and grows in a columnar manner. Thicknesses up to several millimeters can be achieved. Colored Diamonds: Treatment of Gems Most gems in the colored diamond trade have been treated to change their appearance. This alteration is necessary so that the fancy colored diamonds can be used in jewelry such as colored diamond rings and colored diamond necklaces. However, beyond traditional cutting and polishing, gems can be treated in ways meant to alter their color or clarity and in addition to enhancing their appearance; the process may also improve or in some cases diminish the colored diamond’s durability. Colored Diamonds: Forms of Gem Treatment Surface Coating. This involves altering a gem’s appearance by applying a coloring agent like paint to the back surfaces of gems or a portion of a gemstone’s surface. This often results in a color change. (HPHT) Treatment: This type of treatment involves heating a colored diamond to high temperatures under high confining pressures to remove, or change its color. This process can remove or lessen their brownish coloration, so that the gem remains colorless. Other types of diamonds may be transformed from brown to yellow, orangey yellow and yellowish green or blue colors by this process. Irradiation: Exposure of a colored diamond to an artificial source of radiation to change its color is sometimes followed by a heat treatment to modify the color further. Neutron and electron radiation are the most common forms of artificial irradiation. This treatment makes it possible to induce black, green, blue-green, deep yellow, orange, pink, and red colored diamonds often combined with a secondary step of heating to achieve these colors. Colored Diamonds offered by LONITÉ LONITÉ, one of the world leaders in the colored diamond industry is headquartered in Switzerland’s economic capital of Zürich. In creation of colored diamonds at their state of the art Swiss laboratory, the cremated ashes are measured first to ascertain that they contain enough carbon to be turned into a colored diamond, then the ashes or hair are stirred into a Nano powder in a special chemical gas environment. An impurity remover is then applied in a special solvent to remove unstable chemicals. Special treatment is applied so that the remaining carbon is adequately preserved while other elements extracted are reduced to a fractional minimum; oxygen is removed and inert, protective and reducing gases are injected to protect the ashes or hair from oxidation. Because the carbon from hair or ashes is then placed in a safe and resistant cabinet, in a wet chemical environment, to increase purity by removing heavy metals. The program-controlled process of specific temperatures, stirring speeds, and the addition of chemical reagents ensures the carbon quality. At the end of this final purification step, the carbon purity reaches as high as 99.99% (4N Purity). The purified, extracted carbon is converted into flake graphite in a cylinder shape. Before being placed into the diamond synthesis machine, the cylinder is carefully wrapped in protective and corbelled materials which prepare it for the final technical steps that require pressure and temperature measurement, insulation and protection. The transformation takes 6 to 9 months (1 ct) depending on the size and color of the colored diamond to be created. LONITÉ colored diamonds come in sizes of 0.25ct to 2.0ct, available in 6 cuts including; Brilliant, Princess, Radiant, Asscher, Emerald and Heart. The colored diamonds are available for sale in 4 different colors; naturally amber, red, blue and greenish yellow. The LONITÉ colored diamond price ranges from $ 1400 up to $ 28200.

Lab-produced diamonds are almost a new generation in the jewelry market. There is a tremendous revolution in diamond selection for people nowadays. They prefer to attach their eyes to a more sparkling, innovative, and customizable way to memorize their beloved ones who have passed away. Rapidly developing emotional needs cater to a desire for attachments, empathy, and individualism, so the lab-grown diamond popped up into people's lives. Let's make a few points clear so you can decide with 100% confidence which sparkle will make your eyes shine: the classic earth-made diamond or the cutting-edge lab-made diamond. TABLE OF CONTENT Background Research What Is Cremation Diamond How Cremation Diamonds Are Made Why We Choose Cremation Diamond to Memorize Our Beloved Ones Background Research One of the significant innovations in cremation jewelry memorialization occurred in 2001 when a company began to turn ashes into diamonds. Considering how diamonds are made (no, not Superman crushing a lump of coal by hand), this represents a giant technological leap forward in the way diamonds are created and memorialized. Traditionally, lab-grown diamonds are made from carbon, and a machine is called a carbon vapor deposition machine (or CVD for short). This allowed these companies to produce multiple lab-grown diamonds at the same time. The Takeoff of the Cremation Diamond Industry In order to contribute to the memorial diamond industry to take off, two things need to be done. First, you would like to know how to extract the remaining carbon from cremated remains to make diamonds. Second, you need a machine that grows diamonds one at a time to create a highly personalized diamond that contains the remains of someone's loved one. In this case, the second point comes first. HPHT machines - short for High-Pressure, High-Temperature machines - already existed. Those machines allow you to grow one diamond at a time, which is economical for the average lab-grown diamond producer, but perfect for memorial diamond companies. For Memorial Diamonds, the hardest part is extracting the carbon from the ashes. Cremated remains containing 1-4% carbon must undergo a further high-pressure, high-temperature, oxygen-free environment to separate the remaining carbon. Most memorial diamond companies need half a cup of ashes to extract enough carbon to grow diamonds. Memorial diamonds were brought to market as this technology was built in the 1990s. However, the capital-intensive process of making diamonds from cremation ashes (the equipment alone costs about $1 million) means only a few companies offer this service. Let's clarify a couple of points, so you'll decide with 100% confidence which sparkle will make your eyes shine: the classic earth-made diamond or the cutting-edge lab-made diamond. What Is Cremation Diamond Cremation diamonds are lab-created diamonds that are made of human cremation ashes. First, the carbon from the cremation ashes is purified. Then, it is pressed into cremation diamonds using a High-Pressure, High-Temperature (HPHT) machine. How Cremation Diamonds Are Made You may be wondering how exactly this magical transformation takes place. How can human remains be transformed into a shiny diamond pendant or a pair of earrings? As you might imagine, it's never an easy job. There is a lot of attention, thought, and precision that goes into making a cremation diamond. Here's how it works. Carbon Purification and Isolation After cremation, the bones and hair of your loved one still contain carbon. Carbon only makes up 1% to 4% of the remains because most of the carbon is burned off during cremation. The very first step in creating a diamond is to separate the carbon. This can take many weeks. At the end, you have a powdered carbon graphite substance, the starting material for diamonds. Graphite Conversion In another long process, graphite powder is refined and filtered until its carbon content reaches 99.9%. Then, it is heated and pressurized to form a graphite structure. We call this process "graphitization." Diamond Growth In its incredible phase, the machine reproduces the exact conditions deep within the Earth's surface. Under the supervision of skilled scientists, carbon is exposed to temperatures of about 2,500 degrees Fahrenheit. The pressure applied is about 850,000 pounds per square inch. Gradually, the diamond begins to grow. It begins to crystallize at the top of the carbon crystal species. Over time, this turns into an unworked diamond. The amazing thing is that each person's diamond is unique. Each individual requires a different hot-pressure mix to grow a diamond, so the results are highly individualized. No two cremation diamonds are equivalent. Rough Diamond Removal and Cleaning The diamond is left alone inside a growing cell until it reaches a specified size. The more time you wait, the larger the diamond grows. Once the diamond reaches the expected size, the cell is extracted from the environment which is created by the machine. The rough diamonds wrapped in the middle of the molten metal in the growing cell are then cleaned in an acid bath. Carving At this step, the diamond is ready to be cut. This process is crucial because the cut of the diamond determines its quality. You can choose from various cuts, such as emerald cut, radiant cut, or brilliant cut. You can even choose to keep the diamond in its raw, uncut form. The diamond will be polished until it shines, no matter what form it is. Diamond Coloring Diamonds can be kept in their original color or can be colored. This is another opportunity to customize the stone by choosing a color such as green, pink, red, or black. In this process, different natural elements combine with high energy to create a "color center." The length of time required for coloring varies depending on the color chosen. For example, it takes about three months to create a completely opaque shade of black. Grading and Engraving Experts must carefully inspect diamonds to ensure they are 100% genuine. They check the cut, clarity, and color to make sure it is a real diamond. Its authenticity is then certified from authorized institutions like GIA, IGI. Finally, the diamond is laser engraved with the order number, also any requested personal information. These engravings are only visible when using a microscope with 30x magnification. Therefore, there is no need to worry that they will diminish your beautiful diamond's unique and elegant sparkle. Why Do We Choose Cremation Diamonds to Memorize Our Beloved Ones Diamonds symbolize eternity, loyalty, and invincibility, as we have uncovered throughout history. That is why cremation diamonds naturally come out of people's minds when it comes to choosing a way to memorize or honor a loved one. They help keep the spirits of those we have lost alive and allow us to share the unique memories they connected with the world. How Long Does It Take to Make a Cremation Diamond? Usually, it takes anywhere from 6-12 months from start to finish. This includes the purification process, diamond growth, diamond cutting, and coloration. How Much Does It Cost to Transfer Ashes into a Diamond? The cost of turning ashes into diamonds varied based on the carat size and diamond color you requested. Like a Swiss company, 'LONITÉ™ offers a 0.25-carat Naturally Amber™ diamond for $1400. The price goes up as the carat goes up, and also depends on the color and jewelry you choose. How Much Human Ashes Do You Need to Make a Diamond? It takes about 200 grams (8 ounces) of ashes or about 10 grams (0.4 ounces) of human hair to make a diamond. Some companies offer grieving families in the afterlife. It is a chance to remember the twinkle in the eyes of a lost loved one by gazing at the sparkle of a diamond growing out of their cremated remains. That's why we choose this way to memorize our loved ones by creating unique diamonds from their ashes or hair to eternally pass down the memories and spirits from generation to generation.

TABLE OF CONTENT What Is a Sea Burial (Scattering Ashes at Sea)? Types of Sea Burial (Scattering Ashes at Sea) Ceremonies Include: Sea Burial (Scattering Ashes at Sea) Customs and Traditions around the World Sea Burial (Scattering ashes at sea) Rules and Regulations by Country The Pros and Cons of Choosing a Burial at Sea (Scattering Ashes at Sea) Can I Scatter Cremated Remains/Ashes at Sea? The Cost of Scattering Ashes at Sea in the UK, USA, Canada, Australia The Cost of an Urn Burial The Cost of Turning Ashes into a Reef Scattering Ashes at Sea (Sea Burials): Procedures, Rules and Regulations in the Uk, Usa, Canada and Australia There is no standard way to deal with the loss of a loved one. Whereas some people spend a lifetime trying to cope with such tragedy, others seek solace in eternal tributes that help in commemorating the lives of departed loved ones. A tribute like the burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) procedure is both cost effective and desirable if the deceased was a lover of nature or had a special connection to the sea. What Is a Sea Burial (Scattering Ashes at Sea)? A sea burial (scattering ashes at sea) refers to the disposal of human remains in the ocean. Although the burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) procedure is regularly performed by navies, it is also available for private citizens in the UK, USA, Canada, and Australia. Needless to say, various countries have different burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) regulations. Sea burial (Scattering ashes at sea) is a very personal choice that may involve: Full-Body burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea): This burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) procedure refers to disposing of a deceased’s body at sea either in a casket or a specially wrapped natural shroud. Interment must be carried out in approved federal waters. Scattering cremated ashes at sea. Types of Sea Burial (Scattering Ashes at Sea) Ceremonies Include: Attended Sea Burial This sea burial (scattering ashes at sea) ceremony is presided over by religious personnel and attended by friends or family of the deceased on a boat. Music, speakers, food and drinks can also be included. The average cost of an attended sea burial (scattering ashes at sea) ranges from $500 to $2,000 depending on selected activities. One of the ways of commemorating in burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) culture is the Mariner’s Farewell. It involves reading a verse during the ceremony, and tolling a bell eight times. Other activities within burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) customs include playing music from a playlist and using flowers during the ceremony. Additional time for reflecting together on special memories may be also provided by the captain of the boat. Organizers can propose a photo-documenting service or deliver the Bible if that's what family and friends of a deceased one desire. A popular example of an attended sea burial (scattering ashes at sea) includes that of John F Kennedy Jr. who was buried by the US navy off the Massachusetts coast. Unattended Sea Burial As opposed to an attended sea burial (scattering ashes at sea), unattended sea burials (scattering ashes at sea) are done exclusively by a service provider and there is no one else present at the ceremony; not even friends or family. However, this option is noticeably cheaper than an attended burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) with most service providers charging approximately $200 to $400. Be sure to pick a reputable service provider and ask relevant questions like how they can guarantee that your requests are incorporated into your loved one’s sendoff even in your absence. Also, double-check to make sure that the chosen service provider follows burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) regulations for full body burials or a simple scattering ashes at sea ceremony. Themed Sea Burial A themed sea burial (scattering ashes at sea) is a personalized ceremony that can be done before or after scattering the ashes at sea. The bereaved plan this ceremony around the deceased’s water-related interests such as fishing, boat riding, surfing or water rafting among others. You can also arrange for a fireworks display over water or a private bonfire at the beach with friends and family. The possibilities are limitless depending on how unique you want the tribute to be. Sea Burial (Scattering Ashes at Sea) Customs and Traditions around the World Buddhists Scattering ashes at sea is rare in this religion; Buddhists cremate their deceased and place the ashes in a grave or a columbarium. As an expression of bereavement and filial piety, a Buddhist funeral should be simple, solemn and dignified. However, the Buddhist Churches of America and the North American branch of Japanese Jodo Shinshu Buddhism have created a service for Buddhist burials at sea, primarily for military service officials. Catholics In the Roman Catholic Church, internment is preferred over cremation. Cremation is allowed on condition that the ashes are later buried in a consecrated cemetery, mausoleum or columbarium. burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) in a casket or an urn is only approved for cases where the deceased died at sea. According to Catholic teachings, burial in a cemetery or other sacred places is the most befitting way to express faith and hope in the resurrection of the body. It also allows family and other loved ones to pray for and remember the deceased, as opposed to when the ashes of the deceased are scattered at sea. Anglicans Among Anglicans, scattering of ashes at sea is also discouraged. However, some churches have specific consecrated sea areas where ashes can be sprinkled. The Book of Common Prayer (1928) of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States (ECUSA), a member of the Anglican Communion provides a specific prayer of committal for burials at sea. Hinduism Hindu funeral at sea customs are very specific and precisely defined. In the Hindu faith, there is no traditional burial, the bodies are cremated in a special ceremony, the ashes are collected and immersed in the Ganges River if possible or in any other river if not. This river flows through 100 cities and about 48 towns. In Varanasi alone, an estimated 40,000 bodies are cremated every year and the ashes immersed in the Ganges River. In the USA, cremation of Hindu people takes place at a funeral home and the ashes are put in an urn and given to the family if requested. If it's possible, the ashes are taken to India to be spread in holy water or simply scattered at sea in nearby USA waters. Islam Burial on land is preferred in this religion. However, if a person dies at sea and it is not possible to bring the body back to land before decay, then full body burial is allowed. In this case, a weight is tied to the feet of the body before it is lowered into the water. This is done in an area where the remains are not immediately eaten by scavengers. Judaism Judaism leaves no room for doubt - a dead person must be quickly buried and burial requires covering with earth. Despite all the burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) advantages, the body is considered unburied when underwater according to this faith. Scattering ashes at sea is not permitted either. Sea Burial (Scattering Ashes at Sea) Rules and Regulations by Country Australia Sea burials (Scattering ashes at sea) in Australia are covered by the Environmental Protection (Sea Dumping Act) 1981. Whereas a permit is required for burial of bodies at sea, no permit is required for scattering ashes at sea. Permits are only granted in cases of a strong connection to the sea, such as long-serving navy personnel. For the full body burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea), the deceased must not be embalmed or placed in a casket; it may only be sewn into a weighted shroud, burial must be in water deeper than 6,600 ft. and the site must not conflict with other marine users (e.g. trawling, shipping). In addition, burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) can only be executed in certain locations, and by approved providers of burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) services. Applications for burials at sea cost $1675. The application form asks for details about the vessel to be used, where loading will take place, the location of the proposed burial site and reasons why burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) is requested. For burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) in Australia, a death certificate is required and the approval process usually takes 3-4 working days. United Kingdom In the UK, anyone can be buried at sea so long as the person arranging the sea burial (scattering ashes at sea) has a license. The licenses for burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) UK comply with some environmental rules and are available for £175 from the MMO in England and Northern Ireland. In England, scattering ashes at sea may be done freely, but full body burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) UK is only permitted at 3 sites in the country; off The Needles, Isle of Wight; between Hastings and Newhaven; and off Tynemouth, North Tyneside. In Scotland, there are 2 designated sites for burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea); 210 miles west of Oban and 15 miles west of John O’Groats. Permission for another site of burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) can be requested; however you need to provide exact coordinates and evidence that the site is suitable for a funeral at sea. burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) regulations in the UK dictate that applicants must provide a certificate from a doctor that the body is clear of fever and infection, and a coroner may also need to be informed. The person being buried must not be embalmed and should be clad in light, biodegradable clothing. The MMO requires that the coffin for burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) in the UK be made from solid softwood and not contain any plastic, lead, copper or zinc. Two-inch (50mm) holes must be drilled throughout, and about 200kg should be clamped to the base to make sure it degrades and to protect the area from contamination. This burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) regulation aims to respect environmental protection goals. The cost of a burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) in the UK starts at around £2,120. United States Full body burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) in the USA requires a licensed funeral director to make specific preparations that ensure the body or coffin sinks quickly; one of a burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) regulations is that a minimum of 20 holes must be drilled into the casket to facilitate rapid flooding and venting of air. The MPRSA general permit for burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) doesn’t require an application; the permit simply requires EPA notification within 30 days of the burial. All burials at sea conducted under the MPRSA general permit must be reported to the EPA Region from which the vessel carrying the remains departed. EPA also has an online tool which enables individuals to enter information into a simple form and report the burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) procedure directly. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requires that the site of interment be 3 nautical miles from land and at a depth of at least 600 ft. However, in east central Florida, the Dry Tortugas, Florida and west of Pensacola and Florida to the Mississippi River Delta, sea burials (scattering ashes at sea) are only authorized in ocean waters at least 1,800 ft. deep. The closest sufficient depths in USA are off Long Island, Ocracoke and Miami. Mind that the mentioned MPRSA general permit authorizes burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) of human remains only. Pet ashes or ashes of other animals require a special permit. The full-body burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) costs in the USA start from $5,000 but can increase to $10,000 depending on the length of the journey, the number of passengers and any additional services. Argos Funeral service in Canada charges a full body burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) cost of $4,985. The Pros and Cons of Choosing a Burial at Sea (Scattering Ashes at Sea) Pros: These are some burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) benefits that are worth mentioning; Sea burial (Scattering ashes at sea) is cost effective compared to traditional burial. The total cost of a traditional cemetery burial in the USA is approximately $9,000. This fee covers just the main items such as the funeral director's services, a casket, embalming fee, the grave site, headstone and a few other things. Fortunately, the burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) procedure does not require most of those additional services, which makes it ideal. burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) is a personal tribute for sea lovers. Sending-off a deceased loved one with a memorial that honors their past interests or bucket list is a beautiful way to commemorate a lost life. Scattering ashes at sea is also seen as a way of returning to nature, for some millennials. Among other burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) advantages is the fact that it is also eco-friendlier. Natural microbial processes, time, and corrosion eventually break down and disperse the wooden or metal caskets into basic natural elements as opposed to cemetery burial that pollutes the underground with embalming fluids. Cons: Sea burial (Scattering ashes at sea) is an irreversible process. Once executed, it can't be undone. The process starts with incinerating the deceased’s body, before finally sending them off with a water funeral in form of scattering ashes at sea. The deceased there after stays at sea forever. There is no physical memorial to commemorate your loved one. Whereas a traditional cemetery burial leaves the bereaved with a grave site to visit, it's not the same case for sea burials (scattering ashes at sea). Having a physical site where to commemorate a deceased loved one eases the grieving process for some people. Religious restrictions against sea burials (scattering ashes at sea): Most religions around the world, besides Hinduism either strongly prohibit sea burials (scattering ashes at sea) or don’t have clear structures for or against scattering ashes at sea. This alternative to cemetery burial is mostly embraced for only humanist funerals. Can I Scatter Cremated Remains/Ashes at Sea? Different countries have different rules governing the scattering of ashes at sea and internal, non-ocean waters like lakes and rivers of the state. Contact your country’s environmental agency, health agency, or mortuary board to determine any legal requirements that may apply to the scattering of ashes at sea and the non-ocean waters. Australia When it comes to Australia, almost everything regarding scattering ashes at sea is allowed. You neither need any permits, nor are there payments to effectuate. Similarly to the parks, beaches and other public spaces, the general restriction is to be evaluated in moral spheres rather than legally. If you want to scatter the ashes on a private stretch of a lake, request for the owner’s permission. If you decide to use an urn; due to the country's limitations, it's required to be equipped with the biodegradable one. Depending on the particular state and authorities' provisions, rules for or against scattering ashes at sea may vary. United Kingdom Regulations regarding scattering ashes at sea in the UK are equally liberal as in Australia. For the UK, you don’t need a license to spread ashes in tidal coastal waters. However, you will need to comply with Environment Agency Guidance in coastal waters. You don’t need a license or permit to scatter ashes at sea. However, if you are scattering within 5 miles of the coast, or over a river or a lake, then the Environmental Agency guidelines require that; You don’t scatter any non-biodegradable tributes, such as personal items or wreaths made with plastic. You find a spot that’s away from any buildings or marinas and avoid places where people might be bathing or fishing. You stay more than 1km upstream of any place where water is being collected. You can cross check with your Environmental Agency. You scatter the ashes very close to the water’s surface and try to avoid windy days. United States When scattering cremation ashes at sea in the USA, the Environmental Protection Agency requires that the ashes be dropped at least three nautical miles from land and within 30 days, the bereaved must submit a report citing; the location, the distance from shore, the water depth and name of the vessel involved in the scattering ritual. Flowers and wreaths made of readily biodegradable materials in the sea may be placed at the burial site. All sea burials (scattering ashes at sea) conducted must be reported within 30 days to your EPA Region. Some of the different regions include; Region 1 - Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont Region 2 - New Jersey, New York, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands‘ Region 3 - District of Columbia, Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia Region 4 - Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina and Tennessee among others In the USA, the ashes along with a completed burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) Request package should be forwarded to the burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) Coordinator at the desired port of embarkation. For urn sea burial (scattering ashes at sea), the ashes must be in a biodegradable urn or temporary container and instead of scattering the ashes; you can choose to release the whole urn into water. Alternatively, the ashes can be added to an environmentally-safe cast concrete and used to create new marine habitats for fish and other forms of sea life. Canada Ashes can be scattered anywhere in Canada, as long as you acquire the permission. The approval can be given by a landowner for private spaces or government for municipal and public ones. Therefore, in the case of scattering ashes at sea, the farther offshore water areas will be the jurisdiction of the federal government under the Department of Fisheries and Oceans. In Victoria, local councils generally don’t require you to get permission, but remember that these laws vary depending on your location. The Cost of Scattering Ashes at Sea in the UK, USA, Canada, Australia USA Unattended services of scattering ashes at sea in the USA can cost $100 -$400. Attended services of scattering ashes at sea (with mourners on the boat) start around $250 -$1,000 for up to 10 passengers, but can cost $1,000 -$5,000 or more. A good compromise is provided by a special service, which can be executed in California, thanks to the flexible regulations of this state. Remains can be scattered already on 500 yards from the shore, which enables watching the ceremony from the coast. In this case, the burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) cost lowers to $150-$800. Canada Marine Eco Tours based in Victoria on Vancouver Island, offers a package for scattering ashes at sea cost, anywhere in Southern British Columbia for only $585 for 2 attending people. There is an extra $50 charge for each extra person and the maximum number of passengers allowed is 10. UK Ashes can be loaded into fireworks, transformed into diamonds, tattoo ink or a vinyl record but many people love to return to nature after death; so, they choose scattering their ashes at sea for its elegance and simplicity. A brief ceremony of scattering ashes at sea in the UK starts at £60 an hour on the East Devon coast. A similar trip on Cardiff Bay costs around £50 for 30 minutes. The cost of scattering ashes at sea is a very economic choice that makes sea burials (scattering ashes at sea) quite popular in the UK. Australia Organization of a small on-boat ceremony of scattering ashes at sea in Sydney, Australia will cost you around $500-1050 per hour, depending on the type of boat and the number of people attending the burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) service. The actual cost of scattering ashes at sea may vary, depending on the service provider and the city in which you reside. The Cost of an Urn Burial The requisite of sea burials (scattering ashes at sea) are for the urn to be biodegradable. Biodegradable urns designed for funerals at sea range in price from $59 to $250. One of the newest peculiarities in sea burial (scattering ashes at sea) is the Eco Scattering Urn - a cylinder-shaped bamboo urn, equipped with an open/close mechanism on the upper side, which enables it to scatter ashes at sea on its own. This special locking feature gives you the ability to scatter and then re-secure the remaining ashes in the urn. Its cost ranges from $49 to $79. How Eco Scattering Works To Load: Remove wood locking pin, then remove top Pour in cremated remains into the urn Place top back on and line up locking pin holes in the 'closed' position Place locking pin back in hole to secure top to base To Scatter: Remove wood locking pin Rotate top 180 degrees to the 'open' position Re-insert locking pin Wave urn away from your body to scatter ashes at sea The Cost of Turning Ashes into a Reef Nowadays, in order to commemorate deceased loved ones, unique underwater cemeteries are being created densely. These are also known as memorial reefs and they are eco-friendly memorial venues, constructed of concrete, mixed with the deceased’s ashes and mold. As time passes, it becomes richer with natural components, hosting thousands of marine creatures. One must admit that the possibility of arranging an imaginative entourage like this, is one of the many benefits of burials at sea. The cost of turning a deceased loved one into a reef may vary. In Florida, the cost of this specific burial at sea (scattering ashes at sea) service ranges from $2,495 -$6,995 and it includes constructing, positioning and GPS locating, preparing and putting a bronze plaque on the memorial reef and certificates for family members to keep. In San Diego Bay, the memorial reef interment starts at $2,400, whereas the cost in Mexico is around $3,000. Ashes into reef prices in Canada range from $600 to $4,000. Large memorial reefs are a bit expensive since they are built to accommodate up to four sets of remains.

TABLE OF CONTENT Diamonds from Cremated Ashes Are Cremation Diamonds in the Lab True? How Are Lab-Grown Cremation Diamonds Made? How Much Does It Cost to Turn Ashes into a Lab-Grown Diamond? Where Can We Make the Cremation Diamond? The More to Say Since the distant Middle Ages, human beings have been pursuing immortality through various fantasy operations. Now that we have stepped into the 21st century, can the rapidly developing science help humankind live forever? It is still impossible in terms of age, but it is possible in terms of memorial sense. After you die, your body may be turned into a diamond. It sounds a bit mysterious. But it is. Suppose you wonder about the secrets behind the cremation diamond in the lab. In that case, this article will reveal it and focus on how science can give you the memorial gem in the form of a man-made laboratory diamond. We now appreciate technology offers us a whole new and creative way to honor the memory of our lost beloved ones. Diamonds from Cremated Ashes Diamond burial is an emerging form of burial, which refers to the cremation of the deceased's ashes through laboratory synthesis into an artificial diamond, also known as Cremation Diamond. The essential component in diamonds is carbon, which is also one of the essential elements that make up the human body, and the cremated ashes still contain 2% carbon. So, some companies see this business opportunity, the carbon in the ashes extracted, the use of high-tech synthesis of the unique ashes diamond, the real purpose of making people "immortal." Natural diamonds take billions of years to form under the extreme pressures and temperatures of the earth's core-mantle layer, about 150 miles underground. Over millions of years, these gems were pushed to the surface by volcanic activity, where they were mined and coveted by humans as a symbol of eternal love. In 1954, General Electric became the first company to successfully replicate these high-temperature and high-pressure conditions by creating diamonds from elemental carbon in a laboratory. These man-made gems first became commercially available in the 1980s. Are Cremation Diamonds in the Lab Real Diamonds? The only difference between natural diamonds and laboratory diamonds is carbon. One is formed naturally from carbon, and the other is man-made by extracting carbon in an experiment. Diamond is the hardest of the natural minerals and is cut and polished. In simple terms, a natural diamond is a monolithic crystal of carbon with a cubic structure formed under high temperatures and pressure deep in the earth. In the 1950s, as the price of natural diamonds rose, the idea of synthesizing this beautiful crystal was born. The basic principle of HTHP diamond synthesis technology is to phase transform graphite in an artificially constructed high-temperature and high-pressure environment to obtain lab-grown diamonds with a stable diamond structure. In general, this process requires 10 GP and pressures and temperatures above 3000°C. Even with the addition of some catalysts, the necessary conditions for the reaction are more demanding. The other technology for lab-made diamonds is chemical vapor deposition (CVD), which uses a diamond base as a substrate and passes a plasma of methane and hydrogen at a lower temperature (800°C) relative to that in HTHP technology. So that carbon atoms are continuously deposited onto the substrate to obtain larger lab-grown diamonds with the same composition and structure as natural diamonds. Although the quality of lab-grown diamonds is getting higher as technology advances, they are still difficult to see on the market because of their high equipment and technology costs, low yields and cost even more than natural diamonds. How Are Lab-Grown Cremation Diamonds Made? Analysis and Testing After receiving the ashes, the lab staff first analyzed them for composition. This study examines several elements in the ashes, mainly the carbon content, without physically treating the ashes themselves. If the carbon content is sufficient, it will go directly to the next step of carbon extraction. Extraction of Carbon After the first step, the ashes will then proceed to the carbon extraction process, where carbon of up to 90% purity is extracted from the ashes through wet chemical and physical processes. Once the lab staff has extracted the carbon, it will move to the next conversion stage to graphite. Converting Graphite The extracted carbon is heat-treated, and the carbon molecular structure is rearranged in a high-temperature environment to form graphite. When the conversion occurs, the lab staff will move other unwanted inorganic material away. Diamond Crystallization The converted graphite will be collected and loaded into a crystallization mold, then placed into a high temperature and pressure process that simulates the formation of a natural diamond. Through this process, the raw diamond comes into the world. Cutting and Polishing After the raw diamond comes out, it is cut and polished to form a jewelry-grade diamond. Upon request, the lab artisan uses their skill to cut the diamond into the shape specified by the client, polish it and create a crystal-clear diamond. There are four main colors of ash diamonds: primary color, white, yellow, and blue. The primary color is the natural color cultivated without changing any elements, yellow is related to the nitrogen content in the ashes, the shade of blue with the size of the ashes containing boron, and white is only the purest carbon left inside the ashes. Because each person's body has different elements, the color shade of the cultivated bone ash diamonds varies. How Much Does It Cost to Turn Ashes into a Lab-Grown Diamond? Ash diamond is extracted from a tiny amount of ashes to extract the element of carbon. In nature, a natural diamond going through millions of years to form a diamond will naturally be high. The price of a cremation diamond is higher than a typical man-made diamond and very competitive compared to a typical natural diamond. For example, the Swiss company LONITÉ™ can make a 0.25-carat Naturally Amber™ diamond for $1,400, while making a 3-carat Purely Colourless™ diamond from ashes costs $40,500. Where Can We Make the Cremation Diamond? As mentioned above, LONITÉT™ cremation diamonds are laboratory-grown diamonds made from biological samples such as hair and ashes provided by each customer and are the unique crystallization of eternal memories. LONITÉ™ also has a specialized carbon purification laboratory and diamond cultivation center in Switzerland. With state-of-the-art equipment and technology to extract high-purity carbon from samples. provided by all the clients and simulate the extreme temperatures, pressures, and other geological conditions required to create diamonds. The only difference between LONITÉ™ diamonds from ashes and natural diamonds is that the carbon in natural diamonds comes from the ground. In contrast, the carbon in LONITÉ™diamonds from ashes comes from your lost loved ones, friends, or pets. As the most challenging, eternal, and luxurious substance globally, LONITÉ™diamonds from ashes are unique in all the labs. The More to Say Ashes to ashes or dust to diamonds. This new technology is the heartfelt comfort that some technology companies in the modern world offer to grieving families. By extracting carbon from the ashes or hair of their lost loved ones to cultivate lab-grown diamonds, sad people can gaze at the sparkle of the diamonds and remember their departed loved ones—May the love last forever.

TABLE OF CONTENT Where Are the Ashes Transported after Cremation? What Is in the Ashes? How Much Ash Is Needed to Process a Synthetic Diamond? How Long Does It Take to Make a Memorial Diamond? How Are the Ashes Turned into a Diamond? The Reasons for Choosing a Memorial Diamond How Much Does It Cost to Turn the Ashes into a Memorial Diamond? As more and more people choose cremation and more and more people wish to keep the ashes with them, the ways of keeping the ashes are also changing. Keeping the ashes in an urn or scattering them seems to be a less popular choice. Creating a synthetic diamond from cremains is a more personal and loving way to say goodbye to a loved one. A synthetic diamond is a symbol of love, affection, and appreciation. Do you want to keep a lasting and unique memory of your loved ones after their death? It is now possible to create a lab-grown diamond from the carbon of ashes or a lock of hair. The gemstone can have different colors and is certified to maximize its value. Where Are the Ashes Transported after Cremation? Once you have decided to have a cremation, the question arises as to what will happen to the ashes. In France, it is possible to bury the urn in a cemetery (in a grave, in a crypt, in a columbarium, sealed on a monument, or to scatter the ashes in a garden of remembrance) or to scatter them in nature, in the sea or in a river. On the other hand, the company LONITÉ™ in Switzerland proposes to transform human ashes into diamonds thanks to the carbon they contain. Turning ashes into diamonds is an original way to pay tribute to a loved one. It allows us to keep a precious and lasting memory of the deceased. What Is in the Ashes? After cremation, a human body can produce between 2 and 3 kg of ashes. The human body contains about 20% carbon. This carbon is extracted from the ashes in a complicated process and then heated to nearly 1500°C to be gradually transformed into a diamond. Afterward, the lab-grown diamond can be sold raw or polished. A laser marking is then done to identify the diamond and certify that it is a real diamond. How Much Ash Is Needed to Process a Synthetic Diamond? Only a portion of the ashes is needed to create a commemorative diamond, approximately 200 grams. Some companies, like LONITÉ™, offer to make multiple diamonds from the ashes of a deceased person. This allows several family members to own the same piece of jewelry. How Long Does It Take to Make a Memorial Diamond? The manufacturing process is very long. Some companies claim that they can make a diamond from human ashes in about six months. How Are the Ashes Turned into a Diamond? This technique is offered by many funeral homes abroad. First of all, the cremation stage consists of reducing the body of the deceased to ashes in a machine that can reach 1500°C. After cremation, the first step is to recover the carbon from the ashes which constitute 20% of the human body. Of this percentage, 1% to 5% of the carbon is heated at high temperatures and under pressure, which transforms it into graphite. This material is then inserted into a diamond crystal to begin the transformation process, which can take several weeks depending on the desired weight (carat) of the memorial diamond. Once the process is complete, the initial crystal is removed to preserve the resulting diamond. Natural diamonds have been mined for centuries in the depths of the earth, where high pressure and temperatures prevail. The process of making commemorative diamonds in the laboratory is identical to the process of forming natural diamonds underground. The only difference is the time it takes from millions of years underground to only a few weeks in the laboratory. The production of a lab-grown diamond, therefore, requires the reproduction of these natural conditions. We can achieve this with the specially designed HPHT (High Pressure, High Temperature) technology. What Is HPHT? The HPHT (High Pressure, High Temperature) process produces colored lab-grown diamonds. By mimicking the natural circumstances in which a diamond is formed, its color can be modified by scientists. The HPHT technique consists of mixing carbon (in abundant form) and transition metals (which act as catalysts) and subjecting the whole to very high pressure (about 58,000 atmospheres) and temperature (about 1500°C). The diamond is then formed by nucleation and growth. In the temperature gradient method, a diamond seed is introduced into the reactor before the reaction. This process is made possible by applying very high pressures and temperatures that directly change the structure and elements inside the diamond until it can change color. After the process, the diamond is polished and shows its new color. The Advantage of the HPHT Process It is difficult to find high-quality colored lab-grown diamonds. They have a very high value because of their rarity. Another advantage of this treatment is that the customer can choose the final color and the manufacturing process is said to be more environmentally friendly than its naturally mined diamond counterpart. The Brilliance of a Lab-grown Diamond The greatest advantage of a diamond that has undergone HPHT color treatment is that it has retained its brilliance and other properties. Compared to natural color diamonds and other colored gemstones, HPHT-treated diamonds have a higher brilliance than all other stones. The Color of a Lab-grown Diamond As with naturally colored diamonds, diamonds colored by HPHT treatment exhibit slight differences in the crystal structure or external elements responsible for the predominance of a particular color in the stone. HPHT treatment of diamonds has been around for many years. Unfortunately, in the beginning, the treatment could only produce yellow, green, and orange colors. In the meantime, new processes and techniques have been developed and it is now possible to produce pink and purple hues. Pink diamonds are one of the most valuable colored diamonds. Several companies, such as LONITÉ™, use this technique to produce carbon diamonds from the ashes of deceased people and also offer diamonds of other colors, obtained through chemical processes. The Reasons for Choosing a Memorial Diamond Unlike a traditional funeral, a memorial diamond is a way to materialize mourning, the daily memories of the deceased, and the memories of shared moments of joy. In the diamond box next to a photo or set in a ring or pendant. This precious memento is kept or refined individually by the bereaved. Just as no two people are alike, no two memorial diamonds are alike. And each stone crafted creates an everlasting memory of a unique and wonderful life." Diamond memorabilia is an eternal possession, passed down from generation to generation. How Much Does It Cost to Turn the Ashes into a Memorial Diamond? The cost of turning ashes into a memorial diamond is based on the weight (carat) and color of the diamond desired. While cremation diamonds are a special way to memorialize your loved one, the process of creating these diamonds is akin to craftsmanship, making them expensive. Smaller carats generally start at $1,400 for a Naturally Amber™ diamond (0.25ct), while larger carat weights can go up to $ 45,500 for a Purely Colourless™ diamond (3.0ct).

TABLE OF CONTENT Ashes to Ashes Ashes Turned into a Diamond Diamond Burial Death is not the end, not the transience, and it is only the turning point, the beginning of eternity. Death and mourning are basic experiences of human life. What will happen after the death of a person? There is a formula that can answer this question, which is: ashes to ashes, dust to dust. Everyone wants a special way to remember their loss. In the weekly magazine DER SPIEGEL, 20/2005 published an article "Grandpa on the ring finger". Hundreds of family members had already carried their loved ones with them: as diamonds made from the ashes of the deceased. Ashes to Ashes "Ashes to ashes" is a very philosophical point of view. What is the connection between ashes and death? What is the ethical explanation for this opinion? What Does "Ashes to Ashes and Dust to Dust" Mean? The idea of "ashes to ashes, dust to dust" is that man should go back to where he came from. The concept that the deceased will return to earth, ashes, and dust thus finds its origin in the Creation Story - Genesis. The story described how God created the first man - Adam - from clay. How Do Human Bodies Become Ashes? Cremation is a form of burial in which the body is burnt down into ashes. A cremation includes the burning of the body and the subsequent burial of the ashes. What Happens to the Body during Cremation? In a cremation, the body of the deceased, including the coffin, is cremated in the crematorium. Cremation leaves behind about 2.4 kg of remains, also known as "ashes" or "cremains". The remaining ashes are then put into an urn. A burial usually includes a religious or secular funeral ceremony. Marked differences exist between various burials. Ashes Turned into a Diamond Having the ashes of a deceased person transformed into a diamond is a fancy and personal way to memorialize a loved one who passed away. There are companies like LonitéTM who provide this kind of service. The transformation of the deceased's cremation ashes into a memorial diamond is done with the utmost care and respect. LonitéTM cares deeply about the dignity of the deceased. How Can You Make a Diamond from Ashes? In order to produce diamonds from ashes or hair in a lab, we have to create the same conditions that create natural diamonds. Natural diamonds are formed in extremely high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) environments deep underground. Similar conditions are also provided in LonitéTM's laboratory in order to turn ashes into diamonds. To create cremation diamonds in the same way as natural diamonds, the carbon is firstly extracted from the ashes or hair of the deceased, then transformed into graphite, and finally grown into a diamond. This is done by precisely inducing and controlling extremely high temperatures (about 2700°C) and extremely high pressure (60,000 bar) to replicate the optimal environment, which resembles the natural environment. In this way, carbon from hair or ash can be transformed into diamonds. Is a Diamond Made from Ashes a Real Diamond? Natural-mined diamonds are pure carbon, and so are lab-grown diamonds from ashes. They have the same chemical structure and share the same physical properties. The only difference between natural diamonds and diamonds out from cremation ashes is their origin. Professional institutions like GIA and IGI accept memorial diamonds from ashes or cremation diamonds and certify them as real diamonds. Diamond Burial A diamond out of ashes is also called a diamond burial. It is not a burial in a traditional way. It is called so because the ashes obtained through cremation are transformed into a diamond. Diamond burial offers an alternative to the traditional casket or urn burial. More and more people are becoming interested in this special type of burial. Diamond burial needs the cremation ashes of the deceased. In this type of burial, A portion of the ashes is processed into a rough diamond, and the remaining portion can be buried in a regular manner. Advantages of Cremation Diamonds Because of numerous advantages, diamonds made from ashes become more and more popular. More Options for Burial Diamond burial, as a variant of cremation, provides more options for people to choose. After the deceased has been cremated and a small amount of ash has been processed into a diamond, the residual ash can be scattered in the sea, buried under the roots of a tree, in a litter meadow or in a classic grave. This makes diamond burial a particularly versatile burial option. Personal and Memorial Cremation diamonds allow for the creation of a very personal and individual memento of a deceased person. Such a jewelry item often gives comfort to the bereaved, as the loved one accompanies a grieving relative even beyond death. The Memory in Your Hands While tradition often plays a role during mourning and death, memorial diamonds from ashes are a new and also successful way to comfort the loss of a loved one. The beautiful piece of jewelry with its special meaning is something valuable that expresses appreciation to the deceased. The fact that the costs are comparable to or even lower than other forms of burial is another positive point for this type of keepsake. Thus, the diamond out of ashes with its value and its immortality is a wonderful way to always carry the memory of the deceased person with you and make it visible to others - in a beautiful piece of jewelry that enchants everyone around you and brings out the beauty inside. HPHT treatment of diamonds has been around for many years. Unfortunately, in the beginning, the treatment could only produce yellow, green, and orange colors. In the meantime, new processes and techniques have been developed and it is now possible to produce pink and purple hues. Pink diamonds are one of the most valuable colored diamonds. Critical Opinions on Cremation Diamonds The International Cremation Federation (ICF) and the Federal Association of German Undertakers (BDB) are opposed to lab-created diamonds from ashes because in German culture, a person's ashes are fundamentally indivisible. Nevertheless, it is natural to respect the wishes and ideas of the relatives and the deceased. Since cremation diamonds are only an additional form of burial, the traditional burial is still carried out, and the diamond can then be kept as a memento. Strictly speaking, cremation diamonds are not an individual type of burial. What’s more, it is further processing of a portion of the ashes after cremation. The diamond is a very personal memory of a person who passed away. In Germany, there is a cemetery obligation, and therefore it is not allowed to completely turn all the ashes into a diamond. One can always have only a small part of the ashes to make into a diamond. A larger portion of the ashes is buried in a cemetery, for example. A cremation diamond can be combined with all variants of burial, such as urn burial, tree burial, lake burial, rock burial, and alpine meadow burial. In Germany, it is not allowed to turn ashes into a diamond. A memorial diamond is not made in Germany but in the surrounding foreign countries, such as the Netherlands, Austria, or Switzerland. For this, a portion of the ashes must be shipped abroad.

Human death has become very transactional and process-oriented. When someone we love dies, we choose enough to buy an urn or casket and arrange a funeral. Bury them in the ground or place their ashes and urn somewhere in the home and then pay respects. But the grief always lasts far longer than a one-time memorial service. That's also why Lonite™ is turning ashes into diamonds, using new technology to change the way we mourn the loss—keeping the memories of our loved ones with us long after they've died. TABLE OF CONTENT What You Should Know before Ordering Ashes to Be Turned into Diamonds? How Much Does a Funeral Cost in the UK Today? How Much Does It Cost to Turn Ashes into a Diamond? How to Customize a Cremation Diamond on Lonite™？ What You Should Know before Ordering Ashes to Be Turned into Diamonds? The price of traditional funerals is rising. According to the BBC, there is a widespread global shortage of cemeteries. In major cities like London, where there is already less than enough space in cemeteries in 2022, the few available cemeteries are becoming too expensive for the average person to afford. In London, traditional funeral costs start at £5,529 and can reach £20,000 for the most elaborate ceremony. If you include the rental of a coffin and cemetery, the price rises by almost 50% every year. How Much Does a Funeral Cost in the UK Today? The average cost of a funeral plan in the UK is £4,184, with cheaper projects ranging between £3,000 and comprehensive plans between £5,000. While the average cost of a funeral is just over £4,000, funeral costs vary depending on the type of service you choose. The average cost of a burial is £5,033. The average cost of a cremation is £3,885. The funeral cost varies in many ways, including the location, type of funeral service, transportation, type of coffin, funeral home fees, and any additional costs such as flowers and catering for the wake. And most funeral directors can offer installment payments or make long-term monthly payments or lump sum payments. What also makes it even sadder is that since the 2020 pandemic, including the effects of COVID-19, we can see that the average cost of death has gone up. It is now the highest it has ever been at £9,263 (+0.8% since 2019). How Much Does It Cost to Turn Ashes into a Diamond? Turning a loved one's ashes into a diamond, in which a portion of the cremated remains of the loved one is preserved, is a way to honor and remember a loved one in a deeply personal way. This new form of remembrance comes with a myriad of options that allow each family member to keep a portion of their loved one's ashes as a wearable piece of art. This gives them peace of mind that their loved one can be with them forever. Compared to the price of a burial, Lonite™'s diamond ashes start at £ 1400, a 0.25 carat round cut diamond that shines with the brilliance of a natural diamond, and at the same time becomes affordable. Lonite™ offers many customizable features so that their diamonds can genuinely represent the deceased. In addition to different carat sizes, customers can choose from a variety of colors and settings. In addition, if you have other favorites, such as the cut of the diamond, or the style of the jewelry, then you can find your favorite one at Lonite™ as a way to honor the memory of your loved one. For those grieving the death of a loved one, a memorial diamond can serve as a constant reminder of the beauty of the life once lived. Not only does it help keep positive memories alive for longer, but it can be passed down from generation to generation, enriching one's connection to family history. How to Customize a Cremation Diamond on Lonite™? We are pleased to offer you the opportunity to start customizing your diamond jewelry by starting from scratch. This complete journey takes only five steps at Lonite™. Each diamond is unique to the owner, and we offer a range of options in terms of color, carat, shape, and cut of the diamond. Step 1: Submit Order Information If you decide to honor your loved one with a diamond burial as a memorial, don't hesitate to contact our consultant. During your conversation exchange, you can find out the cost of converting ashes into diamonds and receive an order form. You will need to print and fill out the order form. After making sure that all parts of the order are filled out and error-free, please sign the contract. If you have any questions, please feel free to call us. Our personnel is at your service. After that, please scan and email the completed order form and sign a contract with us. Step 2: Half Payment When placing your order, half of the ashes to diamond fee is required, which is a deposit. The second half of the total cost will be paid after your order is completed. After your order has been accepted, you will receive the following: An order ID for tracking and identification purposes A free ashes submission package with a zippered container inside. Step 3: Ashes or Hair Collection Any ashes or hair you need to mail can be placed here and sent again to our lab staff in this submission package. Please follow the instructions in the ashes submission kit you received to collect the hair or ashes. Of course, arrangements can also be made to order the ashes or hair locally by contacting the nearest branch of the courier company used by Lonite™. All the details of what you need to do, including the number of cremation ashes or hair required, and the notes for collecting the ashes or hair, are already in our instructions to avoid having insufficient quantities to make a diamond at a later stage of production. Step 4: Lab-Created Diamond Growing Once the welcome kit is sent back to the lab again, the lab staff will start sterilizing and cleaning the sample. The ashes are placed in a unique crucible heated to over 1400°C to ensure that every element except carbon is oxidized. Then the temperature is raised further so that the carbon can be turned into graphite, the diamond base later. The entire process of converting ashes into diamonds takes about six months on average. Still, the time it takes to create your cremation diamond will depend on the color and size of the cremation diamond you choose. A small 0.25 to 0.5-carat diamond will take approximately 6 to 9 months to create; a more significant 0.6 to 2-carat diamond will take 12 to 18 months. Some other optional services such as GIA or IGI certification, jewelry sets, and laser engraving services require an additional fee of 1 and 2 months for each service. Step 5: Receive the Diamond and Pay the Final Payment After the diamond is made and you see how it shines in its full glory, our staff will pack it up and send it to your home after making the final payment. We are excited to witness with you during the courier journey, tracking and updating you every time. The conversion of ashes into diamonds is unique. Making a diamond from the ashes or hair of the deceased is a special Lonite™ wants to add to each diamond the feelings one has for a loved one and wants it to be a memorial that is entirely yours. Cremation diamonds grown in a lab from carbon extracted from the cremated ashes of your loved one are currently one of the most popular post-burial trends. The UK funeral industry has surprisingly adapted them as it offers a permanent solution to the problem of cemetery burial.

TABLE OF CONTENT Discovering the World of Memory Diamonds The Making of Memory Diamonds in the Laboratory Breaking Down the Cost of Memory Diamonds How Much Does It Cost to Turn the Ashes into a Memorial Diamond? Life gems with memory, also known as diamonds from ashes, memorial diamonds, or cremation diamonds are gems created from the hair or cremated ashes of a deceased loved one or pet. By virtue of being the hardest naturally occurring substances on Earth, diamonds have over the last few centuries cemented their place as the universal symbol of eternal love. It’s no surprise, therefore, that the practice of immortalizing deceased loved ones through these precious gems continues to grow in popularity across the globe. Discovering the World of Memory Diamonds Research on the manufacture of diamonds in controlled laboratory environments began in the United States, Sweden, and the Soviet Union around the 1940s and resulted in the discovery of the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) processes for diamond synthesis. By 1954, General Electric's laboratory had produced the first batch of lab-grown diamonds from industrial carbon sources. Memory Diamonds vs. Natural Diamonds Memory diamonds are chemically and physically similar to natural diamonds. They are made of the same material as natural diamonds: pure carbon, crystallized in isotropic 3D form. The only difference is where and in how long they each take to form. Whereas memory diamonds are created in laboratories over a period of 3 to 9 months depending on the features (4Cs) selected, the natural diamonds we see today were formed deep within the Earth's mantle over 3 billion years ago. Memory diamonds are not to be confused with diamond simulants, which are merely imitation gems made of non-diamond material. The Making of Memory Diamonds in the Laboratory Memory diamonds are scientifically possible because the human body is made up of 18% carbon and diamonds are basically crystallized carbon. Other elements such as Nitrogen (N) and Boron (B) are what make the resulting diamond amber or blue in color. The following is a step-by-step process of how memory diamonds are made. Material Examination First, the laboratory scientists analyze the hair or cremated ashes to determine if they contain enough carbon to transform into diamonds. The carbon content of ashes varies from case to case, and may or may not be enough for the diamond-making process. LONITE™’s laboratory requires a minimum of either 200g of cremation ashes or 10g of hair. Planetary Nano-Crystallization An impurity remover is applied in a special solvent to remove unstable chemicals. The ashes or hair are grounded and stirred into nanopowder in a special chemical gas environment. The impurities then attach to the impurity remover and are separated from the material by a high-speed centrifuge. Special treatments and techniques are implemented to fully retain the remaining carbon whilst reducing the other extracted elements to a fractional minimum. Heated Vacuum Purification The ground and purified materials are heated to extreme temperatures to eliminate volatile impurities. In this step, oxygen is removed, and inert, protective, and reducing gases are injected to protect the ashes or hair from oxidation. Wet Chemical Carbon Purification The carbon in the hair or ashes is then placed in a safe and durable cabinet, which is a wet chemical environment that improves purity by removing heavy metals. The programmed control process of specific temperature, stirring speed and chemical reagent addition ensures the carbon quality. At the end of this final purification step, the carbon purity is as high as 99.99% (4N purity). If the purity level does not reach 99.99% at this stage, additional customized purification steps will be implemented to remove specific residual impurities. HPHT Crystallization The purified and extracted carbon is transformed into cylindrical flake graphite. Before being placed in the diamond synthesizer, the cylinder is carefully wrapped in a protective and support material. This prepares the final technical steps that require pressure and temperature measurement, insulation, and protection. The conversion from carbon to memory diamond takes 3 to 9 months, depending on the size and color of the diamond to be created. Diamond Polishing The rough diamond can be found in the middle of molten metal in the growth cell. It is extracted, cleaned in an acid bath, and then carefully cut and polished. Breaking Down the Cost of Memory Diamonds The cost of LONITÉ™ memory diamonds in the USA starts at $ 1400. This covers the entire diamond-making process, including shipping and delivery costs. Diamond Color Prices (0.25ct) Naturally Amber™ $ 1400 Greenish Yellow $ 2000 Red $ 2000 Pink $ 2200 Black $ 2000 Blue $ 2200 Purely Colorless™ $ 2400 Factors That Impact the Prices of Memory Diamonds The Gemological Institute of America(GIA)created the first, and now globally accepted standard for describing diamonds: Color, Clarity, Cut, and Carat Weight - known as the 4Cs of Diamond Quality. The 4C’s make or break a diamond's quality as well as its price. Here is why. Diamond Cut A diamond’s cut is arguably the most important of the 4Cs because it has the biggest impact on the stone’s brilliance. The word “cut” is sometimes used to describe a diamond’s shape — as in, round, emerald, or princess-cut. How well a diamond is cut affects how light is reflected through the gem and, as a result, how beautiful and fiery it appears to the human eye. In the case of memory diamonds, some people prefer to maintain the gem in its rough and uncut form. This can be arranged on request for as long as there is no attempt to cut the diamond after delivery because inexperienced diamond cutters might break the diamond. Carat Weight The carat weight of a diamond is the size of the gemstone. (Carat is a metric unit of weight, equal to one-fifth of a gram.) The larger the carat weight of the diamond, the higher the value of the gem. As diamonds become larger, prices will increase exponentially, because memory diamonds larger than a few carats require additional time in the diamond synthesis machine. Diamond Color Most people think that diamonds are white or transparent, but in fact, they come in many colors, from transparent or "colorless" to yellow or brown. For white diamonds, the less the color of the diamond, the higher the grade and therefore the higher the value. In conclusion, the costs, and expenses involved in the making of memory diamonds vary based on the manufacturer and the diamond features (4cs) selected. However, you should plan on spending at least $ 1,400 in the USA. How Much Does It Cost to Turn the Ashes into a Memorial Diamond? The cost of turning ashes into a memorial diamond is based on the weight (carat) and color of the diamond desired. While cremation diamonds are a special way to memorialize your loved one, the process of creating these diamonds is akin to craftsmanship, making them expensive. Smaller carats generally start at $1,400 (0.25ct), while larger carat weights and more refined diamond cuts can go up to $ 40,500 (3.0ct).

TABLE OF CONTENT Handling of pet remains Life Memorial Diamond - Pet Ashes Diamond Where to order pet ashes diamonds with confidence We have long considered our pets as family members and enjoy the warmth of our time with them. During the growth stage of our pets, they may leave us at any time due to illness or accident. Of course, many pets will stay with us until the end of their lives. In the past, there were limited and inconvenient ways to commemorate our pets. Still, with the development of science and technology, pet ashes can be made into diamonds and embedded in jewelry after the pet has been cremated. The owners can stay with them and take them with them to see the scenery along the journey. Handling of Pet Remains Disposal This is how some owners handle it. They do not know that their pets can be cremated, and it is not convenient to bury them. They can only give them to the garbage and incinerate them. First of all, this is wrong. Not only does it affect the people around you, but it is also a sign of disrespect and irresponsibility towards your pet. Besides, it may be a violation of the law. Burial Many older people are still stuck in traditional thinking, so many cases of pets being buried directly after death. The decomposition of the pet's body will breed a lot of germs and viruses. If the land used for burying pets is occupied one day, it will worsen if they are dug up. Cremation of Pets This is a humane way to dispose of your pet's ashes, as well as a harmless way to dispose of them after death. The cremated ashes are harmless material, whether buried or stored at home and easier to handle. When it comes to pet cremation, many people's first thought is to cremate the pet's ashes and put them in a jar or box to take home or bury in the ground. We have other ways to do with them afterward. Life Memorial Diamond - Pet Ashes Diamond Nowadays, many pet cremation funeral services in the market are becoming more and more like organizing for the family. Funeral companies provide harmless treatment and transport the pet's body in a particular vehicle, hold a farewell ceremony, and prepare an exquisite urn for the pet after cremation. Owners can choose whether to keep their pets' ashes as memorabilia and dispose of them in a more environmentally friendly way. With the rise and development of the pet funeral industry, there are more and more products for pet owners to mourn their pets. There are many kinds of small products, from plaster paw prints to expensive glass pendants and necklaces. Today, we will introduce one of the more unique types: the Life Memorial Diamond. What Is a Diamond Made from Ashes? A memorial diamond is a man-made diamond made from ashes or hair. It is also known as "ashes diamond" and "diamond burial". This type of diamond appeared in Russia or the United States many years ago and has spread to Switzerland, Australia, Singapore, Japan, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and mainland China. Its technical principle is based on the fact that diamonds are composed of "carbon". Bone and hair also contain carbon. The chemical bonds between the extracted carbon atoms are broken by extracting carbon from ashes or hair and simulating an underground ultra-high temperature and high-pressure environment in a unique device. Then the carbon is restructured to form a diamond. The Difference Between Pet Ashes Diamonds and Natural Diamonds A cremation diamond is a high-tech man-made diamond. It is a laboratory diamond cultured from carbon in the skeleton (usually as a sample of ashes or hair). Making an ashes diamond requires a complex process and technology that simulates the conditions of creating a natural diamond in the earth and accelerates the process. The manufacturing principle is to produce graphite by extracting and separating carbon from animal ashes compounds. The carbon and diamond seeds are then stored in the same space in the form of crystals, protected by a thick metal wall (passing 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit and withstanding 800,000 pounds). A few days later, a diamond will be born. Pet ashes diamonds are different from man-made diamonds. The main difference between them is that pet ashes diamonds are made by extracting carbon from pet ashes, hair, and feathers to create the diamond. The extracted carbon is then placed in a highly complex, high-temperature, a high-pressure machine containing a purifier, where the carbon (converted to graphite) is eventually synthesized into the beautiful and unique ashes diamond. Here, the question is often asked, "Is a pet diamond from ashes a real diamond?" Yes, pet ashes diamonds are almost comparable to natural diamonds. Diamonds are eternal. We should not forget all warmth and bonding and should respect all loyalty and companionship. The same is true for both memories and love. The Best Memory - Pet Cremation Diamonds The pet ashes diamond necklace is the most popular souvenir among the ashes derivatives. It is a green and eco-friendly way to commemorate your pet and can be preserved forever. Therefore, making a diamond necklace out of pet ashes is a significant way to remember your beloved pet. As time passes, we may lose our beloved companions and memories, but not the diamonds. They will always be there, just like the bond with your pet, and will never disappear. A pet ashes diamond is a special kind of funeral. It is a way to honor and commemorate the furry and lovable companion that accompanied us. It provides the most dignified farewell with a beautiful, eco-friendly green burial that gives them peace, respect, and love. Ashes Diamonds are changing the way we grieve. We are now turning ashes into beautiful diamonds so that people can remember their pet’s life in a more positive way. But the value of pet ashes and diamonds is much more than that. The value of a pet ashes diamond is that the diamond came from your pet. Pet ashes diamonds are also made up of the priceless memories of your most loyal pet companions. They can stay with you forever. Where to Order Pet Ashes Diamonds with Confidence Pet ashes diamonds are a beautiful way to commemorate a deceased pet, but not all laboratories can produce pet ashes diamonds. LONITÉ™, from Switzerland, is the world leader in memorial diamond technology. The specialists of LONITÉ™ have been known for their skills under the workshop in the Alps. And one after another, people began to order ashes diamonds for their beloved pets. LONITÉ™ has been specializing in this technique for many years. To this day, the experts at LONITÉ™ continue to combine technical research, superb craftsmanship, and attentive, professional service into passionate work. From the beginning, they have been creating unique and timeless pet ashes that are exclusive to their clients, hoping to make them a permanent spiritual asset. Just as every new customer has the same question, how can they be sure that their pet's ashes are really in the diamond? LONITÉ™ answers this question with professional technology. Today, no technique can prove that carbon has been used in a diamond because all the carbon structures have been reorganized inside the resulting diamond. But LONITÉ™ customers can follow the entire order processing process on the website and pictures from the staff showing the whole process from the arrival of the ashes in the lab to the completion of the diamond.